Over the past decade, a steady tendency towards the increasing use of renewable energy sources in the fuel and energy complex of separate countries and regions is observed. Countries that have large hydrocarbon reserves such as the Republic of Kazakhstan are no exception. The main challenges of using renewable energy sources in these countries are related not only to their spatial and temporal variety, but also to the high cost of produced energycomparing to the traditional energy B sources based on hydrocarbon fuel. The solution to the mentioned problems can be achieved by optimizing the use of renewable energy resources, which requires a comprehensive analysis of the territory in terms of physical-geographic conditions and economic factors. The article offers methodological approaches and the results from a spatial analysis of the energy supply potential to consumers in the Republic of Kazakhstan using the cartography tools. It takes into account not only the distribution of resource potential, but also the environmental factors (specially protected natural areas, water conservation zone, etc.) limiting the installation of power plants based on RES, and the energy consumption schedule. Economic factors include the performance of typical power plants based on RES, as well as the present value of potentially generated energy.

The use of renewable energy sources is becoming a general trend for optimizing energy supply and achieving low-carbon development goals in various regions of the world. In Russia, in connection with the introduction and implementation of government support measures for solar, wind, bioenergy, starting in 2013, a large-scale introduction of energy-generating facilities began. This factor, as well as the need to solve the problem of recycling waste from the municipal sector, agriculture and forestry, makes it necessary to use local renewable energy resources, including waste. This approach helps to optimize the regional energy system, even if they are grid connected. The paper discusses the methods and potential for optimizing energy supply in the regions of southern Russia, which has a high population density, a significant deficit in energy balance, and problems in the field of solid waste processing. The basis for this work is the use of municipal sector waste as an energy resource, with an assessment of the economic and environmental efficiency of this process. The use of geoinformation technologies provides a spatial analysis of the resource potential, a comparative analysis of the distribution of energy production and consumption within the region, as well as helps to assess the availability of territories for the optimal placement of solid municipal waste processing facilities.

The use of woody biomass obtained from pruning and removal of perennial agricultural plantations for energy needs is a relatively new direction, which is now actively explored and developed in Europe. In Russia, horticulture and viticulture is also a traditional direction of agriculture in the southern regions, in particular, in the Republic of Dagestan. Dagestan is a volatile region with a variety of problems in the fuel and energy complex. The solution to these problems may become the use of renewable energy resources in the region. The paper presents the methodology for assessment of bioenergy resources in the region with the use of spatial analysis. The main purpose is to determine the optimal economically and technologically available energy technology for the estimated energy resource. The results show the high importance of social and economic factors for the development of renewable energy in the region, which is not typical for the other regions of Russia and should be taken into account in the further development of the methodology of multi-stage bioenergy resource assessment.