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This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author YA designed the study, supervised the work, prepared the interview schedule and protocol of the study, carried out field survey, interaction with stakeholders and performed the statistical analysis. All authors managed the analyses of the study.

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The study was carried out to analyse the profitability of groundnut production in Northern Part of Taraba State. The objectives of the study were to: describe the socio-economic characteristics of groundnut farmers, estimate the cost and returns associated with groundnut production and identify the constraints faced by groundnut farmers in the study area. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire administered to 150 randomly selected farmers in the study area. Data generated from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics and budget techniques. Results revealed that most farmers 75% are young, mostly females (57.50%) and educated (75%). It also showed that the total revenue (TR), gross margin (GM) and net farm Income (NFI) per hectare were N100,818.00, N42,422.00, and N41,172 respectively while the Gross margin per naira invested and net farm income per naira invested were N0.73 and N0.69 respectively. The problems faced by groundnut farmers include: pest and diseases infestations, insufficient contact by extension agents, shortage of labour, low groundnut prices and inadequate credit facilities among others. The study also recommended that government should re-introduce commodity board and advised that farmers should form cooperatives groups in order to facilitate access to modern farm inputs as well as credit facilities from lending institutions to the farmers in study area.

Groundnut is an important cash crop and a good source of vegetable oil to resource-poor farmers. The study examined the Profitability of Groundnut-based Cropping Systems among farmers in Hong Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Specifically, the socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers were described, their cropping systems identified, and the profitability of groundnut-based cropping systems determined. Multi-stage random sampling was used in selecting one hundred and twenty respondents used for the study. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin and profitability ratios. The result of the analysis revealed that majority (60%) of the farmers were female, having an average household size of 8 people and had some level of formal education. Two groundnut-based cropping systems were identified, namely; groundnut/sorghum and sole groundnut cropping systems. The analysis of cost and returns revealed a total variable cost of N18,931.68/ha in groundnut/sorghum enterprise, while that of sole groundnut enterprise was N20,244.40/ha. On the returns from production, the total revenue from groundnut/sorghum production was N66,273.950/ha while that of sole groundnut enterprise was N77,319.40/ha. The profit from groundnut/sorghum production was N47,324.27/ha, while that of sole groundnut production was N57,075.00/ha indicating the later to be more profitable than the former. Sole groundnut production had higher profitability index, higher rate of return on investment and higher rate of return on variable cost than groundnut/sorghum production. Based on the findings the study recommended that farmers cultivate groundnut solely. Government and donor agencies should encourage groundnut breeding researches so as to raise the productivity of existing groundnut seeds.