The
synthesis of cement and gypsum plaster nanomodified by water-soluble
fullerenols was performed. The experimental data demonstrates an extreme
increase in the specific impact resistance of nanomodified samples
compared with nonmodified.
The article continues the development of the investigations, presented in particular in the cycle of articles, devoted to the synthesis, identification and investigation of physical-chemical properties of water soluble derivatives of light fullerene C 60 , such as: complex esters of dicarboxylic acids (malonates, oxalates); poly-hydroxylated forms (fullerenols); amino-acid derivatives (argenine, alanine). The investigation of the excess thermodynamic functions, to the best of our knowledge, has, until now, not been provided, except for two original works [Matuzenko M.Yu., Tyurin D.P., et al. (2015); Matuzenko M.Yu., Shestopalova A. A., et al. (2015)].
The temperature of water-ice crystallization initiation decreases (∆T) were determined in the binary water solutions of water soluble derivative of light fullerene C 70 with amino-acid lysine at 272.99 -273.15 K. Partial molar excess functions for H 2 O were calculated. For the thermodynamic description of our systems, we have elaborated an original semi-empirical model VD-AS (Virial Decomposition Asymmetric Model), based on the virial decomposition of the molar Gibbs energy of the component molar fractions in the solution. With the help of the VD-AS model, partial molar functions of nano-clusters were calculated. Excess and full average Gibbs energies for the solutions and miscibility gaps concentration regions (with the help of diffusional instability equations) were calculated. Thus, the VD-AS model excellently describes pre-delamination or micro-heterogeneous-structure formation in the considered solutions. These calculations were accordingly confirmed by dynamic light scattering data.
Introduction. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is equally widespread in the endemic and non-endemic world regions for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). High incidence of NPC in endemic countries and low in non-endemic countries suggest there are different mechanisms and conditions for tumor occurrence and, possibly, different clinical significance of EBV-associated markers. However, significance of these markers for determining NPC in non-endemic regions is still poorly understood. Objective – to determine clinical significance of titers of IgG/IgA antibodies to EBV capsid antigen and concentrations of the viral DNA in patients’ blood plasma as diagnostic and monitoring markers for NPC in a non-endemic region of Russia. Materials and methods. Titers of EB-specific antibodies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence, and concentration of the viral DNA in plasma was measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in real time. Study group included patients with NPC (n = 96), and control group – blood donors (n = 171) and patients with other head and neck tumors (n = 33).Results. Titers of IgG/IgA antibodies to EBV capsid antigen, being an important diagnostic marker of nasopharyngeal cancer, did not always correlate with patients’ clinical condition. Humoral response to emerging events often delayed due to inertia of the immune system. Concentration of EBV DNA in patients’ blood plasma clearly reflected the dynamics of the pathological process: it decreased to background values in remission and increased while the disease progressed. In contrast to endemic regions, we did not find any correlation between the studied EBV markers and clinical manifestations of the disease, evaluated in accordance with the TNM classification (Tumor, Nodus and Metastasis).Conclusion. In non-endemic countries, such as Russia, serological and molecular markers of EBV can be successfully used for the primary diagnosis of NPC. However, for the disease monitoring, it is preferable to use the value of the concentrations of circulating EBV DNA, which, in contrast to the values of IgG/IgA antibody titers to VCA EBV, more accurately reflect the patient’s clinical condition.
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