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A field experiment was conducted at farmer's field in Sivapuri village, Chidhambaram taluk, Cuddalore district, Tamilnadu with chilli variety K2 as the test crop. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam. The treatments consisted of application of inorganic fertilizers, organic manures and biofertilizers in different combinations. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated three times. The growth attributes and nutrient content were recorded at 60, 90 and 120 DAT. The results of the experiment revealed that the application of 75% recommended dose of fertilizers + poultry manure @ 5 t ha -1 + biofertilizers + 2% MgSO4 (T11) registered the maximum growth attributes (plant height, leaf area index, number of branches plant -1 , chlorophyll content) and nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) of chilli.

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2021 with a view to find out a suitable weed management practice for sesamum by excluding commonly used herbicides and including botanical herbicides along with hand weeding. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with 10 treatments and was replicated thrice. The treatments included one pre-emergence herbicide metribuzin at two levels, one early post- emergence herbicide imazethapyr and one post-emergence herbicide quizalofop ethyl and were applied individually and in sequence along with HW. Two plant products Ageratum conizoides and Ocimum sanctum were tried each at two levels along with HW. These treatments were compared with twice HW and unweeded control. Among the treatments, the least weed density (9.92, 9.88), weed DMP (4.96, 13.54 g/m2), highest grain yield (684 kg/ha) and stalk yield (2069 kg/ha) were recorded in pre-emergence application of metribuzin @ 100 g a.i./ha on 3 DAS+Early post-emergence application of imazethapyr @ 30 g a.i./ha on 10 DAS+HW on 20 DAS. Further, this treatment gave the highest BCR of 2.46. Treatments involving herbicides fb HW were better than plant products fb HW treatments in terms of weed density and yield.

A field experiment was conducted to know the response of crops to combined application of co compost and lignite fly ash. Field experiments were conducted in experimental farm (rice and maize) and farmers holding (groundnut and brinjal) to study the response of certain crops to the application of co composts and lignite fly ash grown in clay loam and sandy clay loam soil, respectively. The treatment consisted of Dairy Farm Waste + Crop Residues, Pressmud+ Crop Residues, Dairy Farm Waste + Crop Residues + LFA @5 t ha-1, Dairy Farm Waste + Crop Residues + LFA @10 t ha-1, Dairy Farm Waste + Crop Residues + LFA @15 t ha-1, Pressmud + crop residues + LFA @5 t ha-1, Pressmud + crop residues + LFA @10 t ha-1and Pressmud + crop residues + LFA @15 t ha-1 .The grain and straw yield in rice and maize, pod and haulm yield in groundnut and fruit yield of brinjal were recorded during harvest. Differences in yield of crops between the treatments indicate significantly different effects on soil fertility and crop yield after long-term fertilization. The uptake of nutrients increased linearly with levels of LFA tried and it was higher when it was applied with co compost of pressmud and crop residue. The addition of co composts alone or with graded dose of lignite fly ash significantly improved the physical properties of the soil.

A pot experiment was conducted at the Department of SS & AC, Annamalai University during February-May, 2019 to find out the effect of different organic nutrient sources on yield attributes and yield of barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link). Millets are still the principal sources of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals for millions of poorest people. Coir pith has been found to an effective substitute for natural peat. Bone meal is a mixture of finely and coarsely ground animal bones and slaughter-house waste products. Panchagavya is an organic formulation with a blend of five products obtained from cow i.e. milk, ghee, curd, dung and urine. The treatments of the experiment were : T1 – Control, T2 –100% RDF, T3 – Coir pith compost @ 10 t ha-1, T4 – Bone meal powder @ 1 t ha-1, T5 – Panchagavya @ 3 % (Foliar spray), T6 –T3 + T4 , T7 – T4 + T5 , T8 – T3 + T5 and T9 – T3 + T4 + T5 . The design of the experiment was completely randomized design (CRD). Among the treatments, application of 100 % RDF (N: P2 O5 : K2 O @ 40:30:50 kg ha-1) (T2 ) recorded the highest number of productive tillers pot-1 of 6.54, ear head plant-1 (4.50), ear head length of 10.11, ear head weight of 30.37 g. grain yield of 166.15 g and straw yield of 306.15 g pot-1. The treatment T2 was on par with T9 .