First faunistlc inventory of chironomlds (Diptera, Chironomidae) of Morocco.

Mots clés : Diptera, Chironomidae, liste faunistique, biogéographie, Maroc.Un deuxième inventaire des Chironomidés du Maroc est donné. 87 taxa, la plupart identifiés à l'espèce, sont ajoutés à la première liste portant à 223 le total des espèces actuellement connues du Maroc.La majorité a une large répartition paléarctique ; 7 espèces ont une distribution afrotropicale intéressante ; 10 espèces peuvent être considérées comme des endémiques de la région Sud-Ouest paléarctique. New collections of chironomids (Diptera) from MoroccoKeywords : Diptera, Chironomidae, faunistic list, biogeography, Morocco.A second list of chironomids of Morocco is given. 87 taxa, most of which are identified to species, are added to the first list. The total number of species now recorded for Morocco is 223.The majority of species have a broad palearctic distribution ; 7 species have an interesting afrotropical distribution ; 10 species can be considered as endemic to the Southwest palearctic region.

The climatic conditions of the growing regions influence the fruit’s microbiological quality and their tolerance to post-harvest pathogens. The present work aims to identify the prevalence of bacterial and fungal strains of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa) in the Gharb and Loukkos regions of Morocco. Thus, to establish a correlation between the microbial load and the climatic conditions of the two targeted regions. The bacteriological analyses were studied according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) methodologies. Regarding the mycological study, fungal species determination was performed using identification keys. Yeast species determination was done using genus analysis, assimilation, and fermentation tests. Emberger bioclimatic quotients (Q2) were calculated for the Gharb and Loukkos regions and bioclimatic stages were determined. Salmonella spp. was not detected in the studied samples. However, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were isolated from the Gharb samples. Sulfite-reducing clostridia spores were found in two Gharb samples versus one Loukkos sample. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were negative in all samples analyzed. Loukkos and Gharb regions were contaminated by Bacillus cereus with percentages of occurrence of 5.2 and 7.8%, respectively. The fungi found in strawberries from both regions were Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., and Alternaria alternata with a significant predominance in the Loukkos samples. Indeed, a marked presence is noted for Candida sake and Rhodotorula glutinis in strawberries from Loukkos. Gharb is located on the semi-arid stage, while Loukkos is located on the sub-humid stage. Climatic conditions have a strong influence on plant microbial load, which explains the prevalence of bacteria in strawberries from Gharb and the prevalence of fungi in strawberries from Loukkos.