No abstract

Water has a profound influence on the evolution of the biosphere and can be regarded as a thermodynamic parameter. The priorities and objectives in this research include determining the hydrological features of rivers and lakes in the region as indicators of the thermodynamic activity of water in the evolutionary processes; hydrology and ecology of the cryptobiosphere; the effects of water on the evolutionary adaptations and strategies in living organisms in biogeochemical systems of different origins; and the hydrology of possible alternative stable states of biogeochemical systems.

The thermodynamic foundations of the evolution of the biosphere are considered: the variability of natural systems with different dispersion of their components, the alternative ways of development of such systems, the alternative of intermediate stable states of ecosystems depending on fluctuations of external factors, primarily climate. The necessity of developing a system of mutually agreed complex indicators of this process is postulated. The necessity of including the water content of ecosystems in the number of parameters of nonequilibrium thermodynamics is justified. A new section of land hydrology is formulated -the study of thermodynamic aspects of the dynamics of natural waters.