The results of studies of fiber reinforced cement foam concrete with mineral and synthetic fibers are given in the article. Introduction of fibers in the amount of 0.1-2% of the weight of cement in the foam concrete mixture enables increase in the strength of the foam concrete in 28 days by 2.5 -fold, decrease in the thermal conductivity by 30-40% and the shrinkage strain by 42-90%.
Раннее структурообразование пенобетонной смеси с модифицирующей добавкойАспирант А.Б. Стешенко; д.т.н., заведующий кафедрой А.И. Кудяков, Томский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет Аннотация. В работе представлены результаты исследования влияния модифицирующих добавок на усадочные деформации цементного пенобетона естественного твердения. Цементный пенобетон естественного твердения обладает повышенной усадкой пенобетонной смеси в форме (опалубке) и усадочной деформацией при высушивании. Существенный эффект снижения усадки достигается преимущественно путем управления микроструктурой композита, а именно изменения (ускорения) структурообразования и микроармирования цементного камня.Для снижения усадки пенобетонной смеси и ускорения структурообразования пенобетонной смеси применялись глиоксаль кристаллический и хризотил-асбестовые волокна. Для приготовления пенобетонной смеси использовался одностадийный способ. Показатели пластической усадки и пластической прочности определяли в течение трех часов с момента заливки пенобетонной смеси в металлический сосуд.Приведены результаты электронной микроскопии модифицированного пенобетона. В образцах с хризотил-асбестовыми волокнами и глиоксалевой добавкой ячеистая структура однородна, поры равномерно заполняют все пространство. При введении в состав пенобетонной смеси хризотил-асбестовых волокон в количестве 2 % от массы цемента и глиоксаля кристаллического в количестве 0,01 % от массы цемента пластическая прочность пенобетонной смеси увеличивается на 63 и 45 % соответственно, пластическая усадка снижается до 29 и 40 %, а усадка при высыхании -до 44 и 50 % соответственно.Ключевые слова: пенобетон; усадочные деформации; хризотил-асбест; глиоксаль кристаллический; прочность.
The present paper investigates a cement based foam concrete with glyoxal-containing additives which are introduced into the mixture in different ways. The relevance of the given study is conditioned by the necessity to provide the required quality parameters of mixture for transportation and laying the formwork, as well as providing strength and physical characteristics of wall structures for housing construction. Four ways of introducing additives into the foam concrete mixture have been proposed: spraying with 40% glyoxal aqueous solution; joint grinding of sand with crystalline glyoxal in the amount of 0.01% by weight of cement; introduction of crystalline glyoxal into the foam concrete mixture; introduction of a 40% aqueous solution of glyoxal to the foam concrete mixture. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building which is accredited in accordance with the national standards requirements. Glyoxal-containing additives applied within the technology of cement foam concrete of natural hardening contributes to ensuring increased aggregative stability of mixtures and compressive strength at the age of 28 days. The elaborated composition and technology of foam concrete production with glyoxal-containing additives is intended for use in the walls structures as well in monolithic construction as in pre-cast production.
The results of studies of modified hardened cement paste with glyoxal-containing additive are given in this article. The goal was to study the patterns of influence of crystalline glyoxal on compressive strength of hardened cement paste. Introduction of crystalline glyoxal in the amount of 0.01-0.05% by weight of cement in the cement paste enables the increase in the compressive strength of hardened cement paste in 28 days by 7-8%. The studies have established that the introduction of crystalline glyoxal in the amount of 0.1-1% by weight of cement is inefficient; there is a decrease of the strength values in comparison with control samples. The results of microstructure investigation (of control samples and samples of the modified hardened cement paste) have shown that the introduction of crystalline glyoxal in the amount of 0.01-0.05% by weight of cement provides the structure of hardened cement paste that does not contain sedimentative pores and increases the quantity of hydroaluminate.
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