No abstract

An important characteristic of sprays is their statistical distribution of droplet sizes. Knowledge of the droplet distribution is particularly important for pesticide applications because droplet size affects droplet trajectory, probability of contact with foliage, and the biological dose to target pests. This work describes an experimental study of an aerial spray application in a wind tunnel environment at realistic flight speeds (67 m/s) using a full-scale rotary atomizer turning at 8600 rpm. Comparative measurements of water droplet velocity and diameter were made a 3 component Artium Phase Doppler Interferometer (PDI) and a Sympatec Helos Vario Laser Diffraction (LD) instrument. Distance from the atomizer to the measurement cross section was varied to observe the effects of the atomizer wake on the results.

No abstract

The efficacy of pesticide sprays is strongly dependent on the accuracy of the droplet size spectrum. Over estimates of droplet size may result in excessive drift or ineffective doses, while under estimates of droplet size result in excessive releases. This situation is not only bad for the environment; it incurs large operating costs (spray usually accounts for 30% of total cost). This paper describes the study of droplet sprays commonly used in the agriculture and forestry management. It combines experimental wind tunnel testing and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) methods to develop a fundamental understanding of droplet generation and dispersion in the wake of the atomizer spray system. The results will assist designers of spray technology and applicators in delivering pesticide to its target. The CFD models that are developed and calibrated will further allow the wind tunnel data to be generalized; thus, allowing less wind tunnel testing and eventually direct simulation of droplet dispersion in aircraft wakes. The CFD models are developed for the poly-dispersed sprays released from a Micronair AU4000 atomizer (a standard atomizer used for forest protection) at an airspeed of 67 m/s. Simulations are performed using a Lagrangian (droplet phase) - Eulerian (fluid phase) procedure and include droplet drag/body forces and turbulent dispersion of droplets. The Base-line Reynolds Stress Model (BSL RSM) turbulence model is used to compute turbulence levels in the air phase. The CFD simulations include the sprayer and a large portion of the wind tunnel geometry in order to facilitate in validation. The computational results are compared to full scale experimental measurements of pressure, gas phase velocity, droplet velocity, and droplet size spectra measured using Phase Doppler Interferometry (PDI) and Hotwire Anemometry. Measurements are available along radial lines at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 m downstream of the atomizer.