New-onset, posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) has a high incidence after kidney transplantation in patients medicated with tacrolimus, and may adversely affect the patient and graft survival. The pathophysiology of PTDM closely mimics that of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). One of possible genetic factors predisposing to PTDM might be polymorphism in calpain-10 gene (CAPN10), previously associated with increased risk of T2DM in general population. Therefore, the present study was aimed at evaluation of CAPN10 gene polymorphisms in PTDM in kidney transplant patients medicated with tacrolimus. A total of 214 nondiabetic kidney transplant patients medicated with tacrolimus (56 patients with PTDM and 158 patients without PTDM were genotyped for the presence of CAPN10 gene variants (SNP-43: rs3792267:G4A, SNP-19: rs3842570 ins/del and SNP-63: rs5030952:C4T) using PCR-based assays. Frequency of SNP-63 minor allele was slightly increased in PTDM patients (P ¼ 0.056), and an association of SNP-63 heterozygosity and the risk of PTDM (odds ratios (OR) ¼ 2.45, P ¼ 0.023) was observed. An increased odds for PTDM development in patients carrying 1-1-2 haplotype (rs3792267:G-rs3842570:ins-rs5030952:T) compared to noncarriers was also noted (OR ¼ 2.35, P ¼ 0.026). Patients' higher body mass index and SNP-63 minor T allele carrier status were identified as independent PTDM risk factors, confirmed by multivariate regression analysis. This is the first study of CAPN10 polymorphism in relation to PTDM risk. However, the application of SNP-63 (rs5030952:C4T) as a marker of PTDM should be verified by further independent studies.

There is a wide interpersonal difference to dobutamine response during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). The aim of this study was to determine an association between GNB3 825C>T gene polymorphism, encoding the β3-subunit of G protein, and heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to dobutamine during DSE. The study involved 119 patients with clinical indications for DSE. Genotyping of GNB3 825C>T (rs5443) polymorphism was based on PCR-RFLP method with BseDI restriction enzyme. Significantly higher levels of both resting SBP and DBP in 825T allele carriers vs. 825CC patients were revealed. HR of 825CC vs. CT + TT subjects was slower along the test period reaching marked difference at dobutamine level 30 μg/kg/min (109 ± 20 vs. 116 ± 18 bpm, respectively, p = 0.047). SBP and DBP were markedly lower in 825CC homozygotes compared to 825T allele carriers throughout DSE. It can be concluded that GNB3 825C>T polymorphism is associated with resting SBP and DBP in Polish Caucasian patients subjected for diagnostic DSE. The polymorphism also modulate HR, SBP and DBP response during DSE.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine an association between the ADRB1 1165C>G and 145A>G polymorphisms and hemodynamic response [heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure] to dobutamine during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE).MethodsThe study involved 144 patients with clinical indications for DSE. The PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to identify the ADRB1 1165C>G and 145A>G polymorphisms.ResultsHeart rate during DSE increased in all analyzed study groups. Patients with the ADRB1 1165CC and 1165CG+GG polymorphisms demonstrated similar HR, including magnitude of response [change in heart rate (ΔHR 0–30): 42.1 ± 17.5 vs. 46.1 ± 15.5 bpm, respectively]. HR and ΔHR 0–30 were comparable in ADRB1145AA and 145AG subjects in the course of DSE. SBP and DBP at all stages of DSE were similar in subjects with either polymorphism and did not differentiate patients with the ADRB1 145AA polymorphism from those with the ADRB1 145AG polymorphism, nor those with the ADRB1 1165CC polymorphism from those with the ADRB1 1165CG+GG polymorphism. No differences were noted in the magnitude of response, with the increase in SBP and DBP comparable in all genotypes. Similar observations were made in patients (25/144 studied) with atropine requirements during DSE.ConclusionThe ADRB1 1165C>G and 145A>G polymorphisms are not associated with the HR, SBP and DBP responses in Polish Caucasian patients requiring diagnostic dobutamine stress echocardiography

ObjectiveAssessment of the cerebral blood perfusion among patients with eating (ED), anxiety (AD) and depressive disorders (DD), diagnosed according to ICD-10.Method57 female and 22 male, aged 17–50 were examined using the Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography (SPECT) and the neuropsychological tests, Benton and Bender. We also used the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Spielberger Self-Evaluation Questionnaire. Electroencephalography was also performed.ResultIn ED, hypoperfusion occurred in 84.21%, and impairment of the central nervous system (CNS), was found in 27.77%, abnormalities in the electroencephalography - in 33.33% of the patients. In AD, hypoperfusion occurred in 72.72%, impairment of CNS - in 40%, abnormalities in EEG - in 48% of patients. In DD, hypoperfusion occurred in 81.48%, impairment of CNS - in 34.61%, abnormalities in EEG - in 38.46% of patients.ConclusionsHypoperfusion was observed mostly among patients with ED, mainly in the frontal, parietal areas, and in the thalamus, on the left hand side, similar to DD group. Among patients with AD, hypoperfusion at the left hand side occurred almost three times more frequently than among patients with DD (Chi2 = 6.54, p < .025). Anxiety as a trait was the highest in ED, but not significant. Among patients with AD, anxiety as a trait and as a state were almost at the same level.