Growing populations and increasing industrialization cause increase in living standard, which result in decrease in the quality of water and may put stresses on natural waters by impairing both the quality of the water and the hydrological budget. This research aims at determining the origin of the chemical elements of groundwater from the Oran sebkha basin. It applies the inverse geochemical modeling to derive the sources of variation in the hydrochemistry by Belkhiri et al.

In basin of the Great Sebkha of Oran, water deficit linked to climate semi-aridity has forced farmers to resort to the use of underground water of poor quality, which considered as the major cause of soil degradation. The alluvial aquifer waters are particularly characterized by higher relatively concentration in dissolved salts when compared them with other aquifers of the same system. Generally, the salinity of the water increases from upstream to downstream in the direction of the Sebkha (Boualla et al. in Water Supply 17(6):1801-1812, 2017). Assessment of soil quality has become the basic work for agricultural sustainable development. The aim of this paper is to evaluate soil properties in great Sebkha of Oran basin. Georeferred soil samples were collected from ten-component analysis, and different soils were analysed for different physical and chemical attributes. Our study focuses on mineralogical analysis and geochemical prospecting using soil chemical data. Eleven indicators were selected to constitute data to assess the soil quality: sieve analysis, classification, cation exchange capacity, pH, soil organic matter, conductivity, gypsum, nature of the oxide content, nutrients (NO 3-N, NH 4-N, PO 4-P), anions content (SO 4 2− , Cl −) and mineralogical analysis. Conclusively, process and mechanism of soil quality need deep research.

Water resources are economically and environmentally the most valuable for countries affected by aridity. This study is to identify the factors influencing the quality of the waters of the aquifer system of the Great Sebkha of Oran, one area that is already in a stress situation. The determination of the origin of the salinity of the waters was approached from an analysis of the chemical type. Water mineralization is mainly governed by the phenomena of dissolution and precipitation of minerals (calcite, dolomite, anhydrite, gypsum and halite).

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Growing populations and increasing industrialization causes increase in living standard).