To assess the effectiveness of spray technique (aqueous based solution in a reusable sprayer) and conventional paint only technique in view of reducing abdominal wall bacteria and to assess the volume of povidone-iodine used in each technique and evaluate which technique is more cost-effective. Methodology The sample included 70 patients, who had elective Gynaecological surgeries at Teaching Hospital, Kandy (2014-2015). This was a non-randomized clinical trial. In all patients, half the abdomen was prepared using the conventional technique and the other half using the new spray technique. Prepreparation and post-preparation skin swabs were taken and cultured to assess the mixed bacterial colony counts. Two output variables were measured; percentage reduction of mixed bacterial colony counts between preoperative and postoperative cultures for the two methods separately and the volume of povidone-iodine used in each method.

Key words: isolated oligohydramnios, amniotic fluid index, perinatal outcome Background: Pregnancies with oligohydramnios at term in the absence of fetal and maternal compromise pose a dilemma in management. Evidence regarding the outcome of these pregnancies are controversial, and it is one of the common reason for early induction of labour in the fear of adverse perinatal outcome. Outcomes of such pregnancies are not adequately studied in Sri Lankan setting.Objective: To compare the perinatal fetal outcomes of isolated oligohydramnios with normal pregnancy at term among women who were admitted to Teaching Hospital Kandy.Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out. All the pregnant mothers admitted to ward 7 Teaching Hospital Kandy at term were routinely scanned for fetal growth and amniotic fluid volume. Women with isolated oligohydramnios (n=70) and without any other pregnancy-related complications were selected as controls. Two controls (normal pregnancy n=140) were selected per case matching the age and parity. These pregnant mothers were followed up from the date of admission to discharge. Immediate perinatal fetal and postnatal outcomes were assessed. Data were entered and analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Results:The majority of the patients (58.5%) with isolated oligohydramnios were induced early, and a significant number of these patients have undergone emergency caesarean section (X 2 =12.98, p=0.003). Although pregnancies with isolated oligohydramnios tends to have more CTG abnormalities, it was not statistically significant (X 2 =4.29, p=0.12). But, the incidence of significant meconium-stained liquor was higher than normal pregnancies (X 2 =6.02, p=0.049). However, the fetal outcome APGAR <7 at 5 minutes (X 2 =0.33, p=0.95) short term perinatal morbidities (X 2 =0.29, p= 0.59) were shown no statistical difference between both group. Neonatal special care baby unit admissions were higher in pregnancies with isolated oligohydramnios (X 2 =23.56, p=0.0001). Conclusion and recommendation:Compared to normal pregnancies, pregnancies with isolated oligohydramnios didn't show any statistically significant difference in perinatal outcome. Oligohydramnios itself doesn't indicate the fetal compromise when other growth parameters were normal. However, as there are controversies in management further researches are needed in this field.

Uterine sarcomas are heterogeneous group of malignancies both clinically as well as pathologically. Lieomyosarcoma contributes for majority of uterine sarcomas (30-40%) with the peak incidence in postmenopausal women (50-60 years). Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma accounts for 10% of uterine malignancies, generally an indolent disease with long natural history. It presents in relatively young age. ESS tumors have high incidence of oestrogen and progesterone receptor expression, and are hormonally responsive. We present a case of a endometrial stromal sarcoma in a 28 years old patient who presented with heavy menstrual bleeding and secondary subfertility. Ultrasound scan revealed a typical appearance of a leiomyoma. However, later diagnosed a ESS and had undergone surgical management by gynaecological oncosurgical team. Preoperative diagnosis of uterine sarcoma in a young patient is always a challenge. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. However, due to high expression of hormone receptors peri-operative hormonal suppression plays a vital role in prevention of recurrence and treatment of advanced cancers.