U, Th, Rn, and Rn concentrations were measured in thirteen bottled mineral water samples from Morocco, France, and Italy widely consumed by the European population living in the city of Marrakech (Morocco) by using CR-39 and LR-115 type II solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs). K contents were also evaluated in the same mineral water samples. The measured concentrations of U, Th, Rn, Rn, and K ranged from (4.2 +/- 0.2) mBq L to (8.6 +/- 0.6) mBq L, (0.90 +/- 0.05) mBq L to (3.4 +/- 0.3) mBq L, (4.2 +/- 0.2) Bq L to (8.6 +/- 0.6) Bq L, (0.91 +/- 0.06) Bq L to (3.4 +/- 0.2) Bq L and 15 mBq L to 1,082 mBq L, respectively. Alpha activities due to the annual intakes of U, Th, and Rn were assessed in the tissues and organs of the human body of the considered consumers. Committed equivalent doses due to annual intakes of U, Th, and Rn were evaluated in the human body compartments of adult members of the European population living in Marrakech. The influence of the target tissue mass and activities due to U, Th, and Rn on the annual committed equivalent doses in the compartments of the human body was investigated.
Workers in repair shops of vehicles (cars, buses, truck, etc.) clean carburetors, check fuel distribution, and perform oil changes and greasing. To explore the exposure pathway of (238)U and (232)Th and its decay products to the skin of mechanic workers, these radionuclides were measured inside petrol, gas-oil, and lubricant material samples by means of CR-39 and LR-115 type II solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs), and corresponding annual committed equivalent doses to skin were determined. The maximum total equivalent effective dose to skin due to the (238)U and (232)Th series from the application of different petrol, gas-oil, and lubricant samples by mechanic workers was found equal to 1.2 mSv y(-1) cm(-2).
Mechanic workers are exposed to exhaust fumes when controlling vehicle engines in motion inside repair shops. To assess radiation doses due to radon short-lived progeny from the inhalation of exhaust fumes by mechanic workers, concentrations of these radionuclides were measured in petrol (gasoline) and gas-oil exhaust fumes by evaluating mean critical angles of etching of the CR-39 and LR-115 type II SSNTDs for alpha particles emitted by the radon and thoron decay series. Committed effective doses due to ²¹⁸Po and ²¹⁴Po short-lived radon decay products from the inhalation of petrol and gas-oil exhaust fumes by workers were evaluated. A maximum value of 1.35 mSv y⁻¹ due to radon short-lived decay products from the inhalation of gas-oil exhaust fumes by mechanic workers was found, which is lower than the (3-10 mSv y⁻¹) dose limit interval for workers.
Pottery objects are presently more and more used for decoration in homes and hotels. To assess radiological hazards to potters, 238U, 232Th, 222Rn, and 220Rn radionuclides were analyzed in different clay body samples used for pottery production by means of CR-39 and LR-115 II track detectors. Data obtained were compared to those gotten by means of isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Annual equivalent doses to the skin of potters resulting from the energy loss of alpha-particles emitted by the radionuclides of the 238U and 232Th radioactive families were evaluated. Estimates of the annual equivalent doses to the skin of potters due to the emitted alpha-particles ranged between 6.45 mSy y−1 cm−2 and 17.50 mSy y−1 cm−2 and between 1.87 mSy y−1 cm−2 and 5.33 mSy y−1 cm−2, respectively. Annual equivalent doses received by the skin of potters due to beta-particles (β−) emitted by the radionuclides of the 238U and 232Th series inside the studied clay body samples were determined. Alpha equivalent doses to the skin of potters resulting from the diffusion of 222Rn and 220Rn gases present in the studied clay body samples were calculated. A total maximum annual equivalent dose of 23.0 mSv y−1 cm−2, resulting from the energy loss of alpha and beta minus particles emitted by the radionuclides of the 238U and 232Th series, was found for potters working 8 h d−1(6 d wk−1, 49.28 wk y−1).
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