Formation overpressures have traditionally forced operators to weight-up mud systems in order to advance drilling operations while preventing formation fluids invasion. As a result, drilling rate of penetration (ROP) is reduced, additional casing seats/strings are required and risks associated with kicks are increased. This drilling hazard is a major source of invisible non-productive time (NPT) and increased operational costs.
Today's drilling environments present many challenges, such as high-temperature/high-pressure (HPHT) with mud losses and fluid or gas influxes that require a lot of time and resources to address. Inaccurate or late detection of an influx can result in costly nonproductive time, or in some cases, increase the likelihood of a well control incident. Improper mud weight management to control a kick can result in increased of differential pressure and mud losses if the reservoir frac gradient is exceeded. This in turn will cause fluid kick and mud loss cycles that will cost weeks of rig time and millions of dollars. These operations result in reservoir damage, reduced flow rate, minmized production or even the need to sidetrack.
This paper will further explain MPD techniques and its unique ability mitigate today's toughest challenges related to a wellbore's pressure profile. We would like to discuss the possibilities of the system to indicate the kick and losses on early stages and address them accordingly to the automatically controlled system. The system will allow to separate the kick from such events as ballooning and breathing, run dynamic FIT and LOT tests, will let to determine the actual pore pressure figures throughout the intervals of interest, simultaneously control influxes and losses before they get built into the well control events. Using the MPD can be the key for most of the applications to enhance safety, improve drilling efficiency and to get a better understanding of the fields nowdays and further on.
Oil and gas operators have explored in the Arctic regions of Russia for more than 40 years. Early drilling campaigns encountered significant problems drilling through the shallow permafrost sections due to degradation of drilling conditions as a result of permafrost thaw. Experience from these earlier operations and experiments conducted by Kutasov et al (1988) has highlighted the need to maintain chilled drilling mud to minimize permafrost thaw during the well construction process. After time technologies made step forward and casing drilling is in addition option with Kutasov technology to improve drilling process. This technology is one of the greatest developments in drilling operations. Casing drilling involves drilling and casing a well simultaneously.
Casing drilling system has been designed primarily for multi-well offshore platforms, multiwell operations on land, deep-water operations, and for situations requiring operators to drill through and place casing across problem formations quickly. This technology was applied successfully to drill through depleted reservoir (problems: wellbore instability, mud losses into the depleted zones) as an alternative to the underbalanced drilling, which requires special equipment.
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