Species of the genus Lasiomma Stein. (Dipt., Anthomyiidae) destroying cones of the European Larch (Larix decidua) in France. 2. Biological cycles and damages Study of the biological cycles of the three larch cone pests of genus Lasiomma in France reveals great differences between these insects in all the phasis of their development: flight and egg‐laying periods, morphology of larval instars, larval course, form and importance of damage. That bears out the previous separation made on the basis of imago's morphology and also shows that a lot of works upon L. laricicola Karl. deals with several species of Lasiomma in reality. In the Briançonnais, the respective importance of each Lasiomma seems to vary with altitude. L. melania Ackl. is the major species below 1400 m, but it is supplanted by L. laricicola Karl. at higher altitude. The whole rate of damaged cones is nevertheless quite stable in most stands and turns, on an average, around 50 to 60%, varying with the year's cone crop. The following decrease of sound seeds quantity, reaching sometimes 92% of the total, makes of these insects an important reduction factor of the European larch natural regeneration possibilities in French Alps. Résumé L'étude des cycles biologiques des trois espèces de Lasiomma ravageurs des cônes de Mélèze en France met en évidence de profondes différences entre ces insectes dans toutes les phases de leur développement: périodes de vol et de ponte, morphologie des stades immatures, trajet des larves, forme et importance des dégâts Elle confirme ainsi la séparation précédemment opérée au niveau de la morphologie imaginale et fait apparaître que de nombreux travaux consacrés à L. laricicola Karl traitent en réalité de plusieurs espèces de Lasiomma. Dans le Briançonnais, l'importance respective de chacun des trois Lasiomma semble varier avec l'altitude, L. melania Ackl. dominant en dessous de 1400 m étant supplanté à plus haute altitude par L. laricicola Karl. Le pourcentage total de cônes attaqués est cependant assez stable dans la plupart des peuplements et s'établit en moyenne autour de 50 à 60%, en fonction de la production de cônes de l'année considérée. La diminution du nombre de graines pleines qui en résulte, pouvant s'élever jusqu'à 92%, fait de ces insectes un important facteur de réduction des possibilités de régénération naturelle du Mélèze d'Europe dans les Alpes françaises. Zusammenfassung Arten der Gattung Lasiomma Stein. (Dipt., Anthomyiidae) als Zapfenschädlinge bei der Europäischen Lärche, Larix decidua Mill, in Frankreich. 2. Lebenszyklus und Schaden Untersuchungen über die Lebenszyklen der drei Lärchenzapfenschädlinge aus der Gattung Lasiomma in Frankreich ergaben erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen den Arten in allen Teilen ihrer Enwicklung: Flug, Eilegeperiode, Larvenmorphologie, Larvenentwicklung sowie Art und Bedeutung des Schadens. Dies bestätigt die frühere Trennung der drei Arten auf Basis imaginalmorphologischer Unterschiede und zeigt, daß zahlreiche Arbeiten über L. laricicola Karl. in Wirklichkeit versc...

This chapter presents a list of nearly 70 species illustrating the range of insects and mites that attack willows and poplars, the damage they cause and the severity of their attack in different parts of the world. The chapter shows that insect pests can be grouped largely according to their lifestyle, and so a brief overview is provided of the damage caused by insects as bud and leaf feeders, leaf miners, young shoot feeders, wood borers, root feeders and those that lead to the formation of often very distinctive galls. A few species are so widespread, or so consistently damaging, that they warrant more detailed description, and so a series of case studies of 16 representative insect species, or groups of similar species, is also included.

Principaux facteurs régissant la densité des populations de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say 1818), M ollusque vecteur de la Schistosom ose en G uadeloupe (A ntilles fran çaises) (1) p ar J.-P. POINTIER *, B. SA LV A T *, A. DELPLANQ UE ** et Y. G O LV A N ***

Allergic diseases have increased its incidence worldwide, increasing the significance of research in diagnostics to offer more precise immunotherapy options. Most current lines of work revolve around single-protein detection, which relies mostly on faint fluorescence signals and large expensive detectors. In this context, we propose a procedure based on visible light absorption by polymeric microparticles. The beads acting as supports react with the serum of an allergic patient and perform a magnetically-assisted immunoassay, similar to indirect ELISA. Firstly, protein binding on surface and antibody recognition was evaluated by SEM imaging. Then, the procedure sensibility was determined, were the lowest detected IgE concentration is 24 ng/mL, and the response is linear within a working range comparable to commercial standards. Finally, the effects of cross-reactive allergen specimens were assessed, yielding difficulties in detection at antibody concentrations below 36 ng/mL. Consequently, we have provided a proof-of-concept of a microparticle-based immunoassay with affordable miniaturization capability for benchtop equipement.