PURPOSE To test whether females in families with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) have increased breast cancer risk METHODS Using the Danish Facial Cleft Registry, females with CL/P, mothers of children with CL/P, and sisters to CL/P cases were identified for the Danish birth cohorts 1911 to 1975. These females were compared to a 5% random sample of these cohorts regarding the incidence and age of onset for breast cancer registered in the Danish Hospital Discharge Register 1977–2005. RESULTS Examining 48,404 person-years for 1,809 female CL/P cases (49 breast cancer cases) and 212,795 person-years for 7935 female relatives (188 breast cancer cases) we found no increased breast cancer risk for either CL/P cases (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92–1.63), mothers of children with CL/P (HR = 0.93, 95%, CI: 0.80–1.08), or sisters of CL/P cases (HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.55–1.60). Neither were there any significant differences in age of onset. CONCLUSION Both epidemiological and genetic studies have suggested common etiological factors for breast cancer and cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). However, this population-based study was not able to confirm a general increase in breast cancer risk among females in families with CL/P.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between enteral water infusion for hypernatremia and significant intestinal morbidity in infants p1000 grams.Study design: This is a retrospective study of 321 infants p1000 g birth weight. Infants were grouped by the highest serum sodium (mmol/l) during the first 14 days of life as follows: <150 (normal control), X150 (high sodium control), X150 and treated with sterile water (study group). Significant intestinal morbidity was defined as probable or proven necrotizing enterocolitis or spontaneous intestinal perforation. Statistical analysis included Student's t test for continuous variables and w 2 with Yeats correction for frequency variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then performed to evaluate confounding variables among groups.Results: The incidence of intestinal morbidity was significantly higher in the high sodium-water treated group compared to each of the other groups (13/33 (38%) for high sodium-water versus 16/100 (16%) for high sodium control and 18/188 (10%) for normal sodium control, P<0.01 w 2 ). Logistic regression analysis indicated that enteral water and hydrocortisone were risk factors for significant intestinal morbidity.Conclusions: Enteral sterile water for hypernatremia appears to be associated with significant intestinal morbidity in infants p1000 g. Hydrocortisone is also a risk factor.

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