The external auditory canal is not only a part of the external ear, but also an integral part of the human auditory system, which conducts and amplifies the sound wave. In the field of otosurgery, it is often the priority access to the tympanic cavity, and therefore it is necessary to clearly understand the features of its anatomy. The dimensions and anatomy of the external auditory canal are extremely variable: the length is 2–3,5 cm, the diameter ranges from 5-9 mm, it is somewhat curved in the horizontal and frontal planes and consists of a membranous cartilaginous part and a bony part, between which there is the most the bottleneck – the isthmus. The ear canal is covered with skin, the thickness and structure of which depends on the section of the ear canal. The membranous cartilaginous section contains sebaceous and sulfur glands. Studies identify several forms of the bony part of the ear canal: conical, hourglass-shaped, ovoid, reverse conical, and cylindrical. The endoscopic scale (CES) for the visibility of the tympanic membrane was also proposed for the convenience of assessment. It has been suggested that the shape of the external auditory canal is an etiological factor in chronic otitis externa. Unambiguous interpretations of the relationship between ear diseases and the shape of the external auditory canal have not yet been obtained, but modern developments tend to consider its importance in the development of ear diseases. Clinical observations show that certain anatomical forms of it may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation, since they interfere with proper self-cleaning.

Otosurgery plays an important role in the rehabilitation of patients with hearing loss. Any operation can be accompanied by a long inflammatory process with excessive development of connective tissue, forming atresia or stenosis of the external auditory canal. Formed scars in the external auditory canal reduce the effectiveness of treatment and can lead to reoperation. In the treatment of scars, the use of injections of a suspension of prolonged steroids directly into the developing connective tissue is effective. We have developed a method of injecting drugs into the scar tissue of the bone section of the external auditory canal, which allows the use of such therapy in patients after otosurgery. 12 people were treated with the proposed technique. All patients had an inflammatory process in the external auditory canal with undesirable growth of connective tissue. Previous local therapy did not bring a satisfactory result. Patients received injections of a suspension of steroids into developing scar tissue. The treatment period was 1-8 weeks, for which 1 to 4 sessions of injections were performed. As a result of treatment according to the developed method, in all cases a cessation of the pathological inflammatory process was observed. Timely therapy made it possible to completely eliminate the excess granulation tissue (100%), to stop the growth of the scar, or even to cause a significant decrease (33%). The developed method allows to use of a small dose of a substance (0,1–0,5 ml) for injection to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.