Summary Semen specimens from 519 men were cultured for organisms 2 weeks before oocyte recovery for in‐vitro fertilization (IVF). The cultures from 72 men contained more than 5000 bacteria/ml and the IVF attempt was postponed. The IVF outcome was assessed in 382 couples in relation to the semen culture result. The pregnancy rate per cycle was significantly reduced when the semen culture contained organisms compared with axenic semen (P<0‐05). This was independent of the cleavage rate of oocytes and the number of embryos transferred. Although mycoplasma was frequently cultured, chlamydial infection was very rare and no viruses were isolated in this study.

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Anti-toxin opposition of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to treatment is going up. The clarithromycin obstruction is the serious issue of treatment disappointment in H. pylori disease .There is a basic need to decide the ebb and flow paces of such obstruction before authoritative treatment.We intended to decide antimicrobial opposition paces of H. pylori and impacts of point transformations during the 23S rRNA quality in H. pylori on clarithromycin opposition among the Egyptian populace, as a necessary advance prior to starting treatment.Fifty patients with H. pyloripositive ongoing gastritis were analyzed. H. pylori was distinguished by H.pylori stool antigen and microbiological refined of gastric biopsy . Absolute DNA was extricated from gastric biopsy examples and A2142G and A2143G transformations were recognized by PCR-limitation section length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).H. pylori obstruction rates to clarithromycin , metronidazole, amoxicillin, and antibiotic medication were 54%, 28%,20% and 4% respectively.Additionally, for clarithromycin point changes in 23S rRNA types A2142G and A2143G of H. pylori were surveyed by PCR-RFLP measure, freak qualities were discovered to be 92.6 % of clarithromycin obstruction. A2143G change was recognized in 74.1% of tests and A2142G transformation in 18.5%. There was a solid relationship among MICs and point transformations in 23S rRNA gene.A2143G change was unmistakable . H. pylori conveying A2142G change indicated significantiy more elevated levels of MIC values for Clarithromycin anti-microbial. PCR-RFLP has uncovered a solid test permitting a fast identification of clarithromycin-obstruction. This is helpful in our nation where there is high pervasiveness of clarithromycin-obstruction prior to picking ideal treatment for H. pylori destruction.