An important ecological aspect of work of all mining enterprises that use drilling-and-blasting mining of rock mass with the application of industrial explosive agents (poremite, granemite, igdanite and others) based on ammonium nitrate is inevitable contamination of drainage waters with nitrogen compounds (ammonium ion NH4+, ion nitrate NO2-and ion nitrate NO3-). These drainage waters that are pumped out during drainage of deposits as a rule are discharged into surface water bodies which leads to their contamination. Execution of stringent requirements of environmental regulation based on protection of water bodies from contamination with nitrogen compounds during discharge of drainage waters dictates the need for selection and development of optimal from the standpoint of eco-economic positions technology of purification. Researching of formation processes of their chemical composition based on contaminated compounds and volume of drainage waters that are subject for cleaning for mining enterprises is necessary for this purpose. This article explores formation processes of chemical contamination of drainage waters with nitrogen compounds that are done in conditions of large pit of construction industry for the purpose of determining possible drainage water purification technologies. Results of research are used by the investigated enterprise during development of drainage water purification technology from nitrogen compounds and optimization of water treatment facilities work depending on the natural and man-caused factors taking into consideration specific conditions of enterprise and its infrastructure (connection of mass of nitrogen compound losses with the seasonality of water inflows, volume of rock mass, types of applied explosive agents).

The nitrogen compounds, namely ammonium, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen, are the main substances polluting the quarry and drainage waters of mining enterprises that use the ammonium nitrate-based explosives for drilling-and-blasting rock mass preparation. In accordance with the legislation, such waters are subject to treatment prior to discharge into the water bodies. At the mining enterprises, the promising treatment method is the treated water conditioning in the flooded abandoned open-pit mines, during which the natural microbiological nitrification of ammonium and nitrite nitrogen contained in the quarry drainage waters is performed with an efficiency of more than 95%. The article discusses the influence of natural climatic and hydrodynamic factors on the nitrification process according to the results of a purification process study that has been performed since 2014 until the present time at a large mining enterprise. The relevant conclusions and recommendations are given.

The article analyzes the mechanism of contamination of quarry waters during drilling and blasting preparation of asbestos-containing raw materials under the influence of man-made and natural factors, which can serve as a basis for making specific technological decisions that reduce the negative impact on the environment during the development of chrysotile-asbestos deposits. The dependence of the intake of nitrogen compounds in quarry waters on the consumption of explosives and the volume of formation of quarry waters is presented. The article shows the possibility of using the purification of quarry water in the spent open mine workings, the sides of which are composed of plastic asbestos-containing rocks. The relationship between the volumes of internaldumping and contamination of open pit drainage waters is analyzed.

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