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Monolayers and bilayers are useful models of natural membranes, in this paper we report some investigations either on membrane components or their model analogs, in two-dimensional state. In particular we studied mixed monolayers of two polypeptides to deduce the interfacial orientation and the bidimensional miscibility of the two macromolecules. The properties of lipids in monolayers, Black Lipid Membranes (BLM) and vesicles were then compared. We obtained the conditions of molecular structure and of interfacial distribution for the formation and the stability of each model system. We also modeled photoprocesses occurring in natural membranes studying charge transfer in mono and multilayers between an excited donor implanted in the lipid portion of the system and an appropriate water soluble acceptor. Finally we describe the construction of a mimetic membrane containing an ioncarrier, namely valinomycin, by means of Langmuir-Blodgett technique that proved to be selective to potassium ions.En considtrant que le monocouches et bicouches sont des modkles de membrane trks utiles, on report des investigations men& soit sur des composants modtles soit sur des constituants des membranes elles-mCme. En particulier on etudie des monocouches melange de deux polypeptides et l'on dauit leur orientation ?I l'interface ainsi que leur miscibilitt bidimensionnelle. On compare ensuite le proprietts des lipides dans le monocouches, le BLM et le vtsicules et l'on deduit les conditions de structure molkulaire et de distribution interfasale nhessaires ?I la formation et 3 la stabilitk de chaque systeme bidimensionnel.On ttudie aussi le processes de transferement de charge et de masse dans le monocouches et multicouches. Enfin on reporte la rMization d'une membrane mimetique contenante un transportateur ionique (Valinomicine) par le moyen de multicouches de L-B, qui se rkvkle selective aux ions K f .

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