Objectives: To assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries amongst Egyptian adolescents and the prevalence of carious lesions treatable through the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach. Subjects and Methods: Using a convenient sample procedure, two secondary schools with a dental clinic were selected (967 students, average age: 13.7 ± 0.8 years, range: 12–15). Dental caries was diagnosed using the ART caries criteria, and plaque and calculus were assessed using the Green and Vermillion criteria amongst students grades 1–3 in the dental clinic by 3 calibrated examiners. The effect of the independent variables gender, age, tooth surface, jaw side (left or right) and type of jaw (mandible/maxilla) on dependent caries experience variables and D₂ and D₃ variables were tested using ANOVA. Results: The prevalence of dental caries including enamel lesion (D₂MFT) amongst the 967 students was 51.4% and that of dental caries excluding enamel lesions (D₃MFT) was 38.1%. The mean D₂MFT and D₃MFT scores were 1.5 and 0.8, respectively. The percentage of teeth filled and extracted was low. Female students had statistically significantly higher mean D₃MFT/S and D₂MFT/S scores than males (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of cavitated carious lesions (D₃) treatable through ART was 48% for score 2 and 28% for score 3. Conclusions: Most of the cavitated lesions were found untreated despite the presence of a dental clinic and a dentist on the school premises. The majority of cavitated lesions without pulp involvement could be treated using the preventive and restorative components of the ART approach.

Aim: The present study was performed to evaluate effect of collagen cone blended with gentamicin and pure collagen cone in alveolar ridge preservation following extraction of tooth with chronic infection. Primary objective: Histological and histomorphometric evaluation of grafted bone. Secondary objective: Evaluation of changes in alveolar ridge dimensions radiographically and evaluation of primary implant stability Subjects and Methods: Group (1): Ten extraction sockets where alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) was performed using collagen cone blended with gentamicin. Group (2): Ten extraction sockets where ARP was performed using pure collagen cone. Group (3): Ten extraction sockets where ARP was performed using xenograft and collagen membrane. Core biopsy performed during implant placement. Radiographic changes in buccolingual ridge width and alveolar crest were measured. Primary implant stability was evaluated. Results: Significant difference in amount of new bone trabeculae between groups. Regarding radiographic buccolingual width, significant reduction in 3 groups after 5 months. Regarding percent changes of width, collagen/gentamicin was-27,85±4,64, collagen was-42,50±5,29 and xenograft was-15,26±4,28, the difference between groups was significant. Regarding intragroup radiographic ridge height changes significant reduction was noted in 3 groups after 5 months. Regarding percent decrease in radiographic height, collagen was (-27.38±4,92), xenograft was (-9.61±1,74) and collagen/gentamicin was (-14,66±1,71). Difference between groups was significant. Non significant difference between collagen/gentamicin and xenograft implant stability was noticed. Conclusion: Parasorb® cone genta showed more newly formed bone. Xenograft have best results regarding volumetric changes but decreased quality of newly formed bone compared with collagen/gentamicin.