To improve keeping quality of gerbera cv. Marleen cut flowers this work was conducted at the laboratories of Hort. Dept., Agric. Fac., Mansoura Univ., Egypt during January to February months of 2016 and 2017 seasons. This, by using pulsing and holding solutions and cold storage periods for different durations as well as their interaction treatments, besides, studying these treatments affects on cut flowers vase life, water balance, anthocyanin content and total sugars percentage of gerbera flowers. The used pulsing solution treatments were control as distilled water (DW), 5% sucrose (S) + 200 ppm 8-hydroxy quinolene sulphate (8-HQS) for 16 hours, 15 ppm kinitin (Kin) + 5 % S + 200 ppm 8-HQS for 16 hours, silver thiosulphate (STS) 1:4 mM for 20 minutes then placed in 5 % S + 200 ppm 8-HQS for 16 hours and 1:4 mM STS for 20 minutes then placed in 25 ppm Kin + 5 % S + 200 ppm 8-HQS for 16 hours. Moreover, cut flowers of gerbera were stored at 5±1˚C for 0, 6 and 12 days. In addition, holding solution treatments used after cold storage periods were controlas distilled water (DW) and 5% sucrose (S) + 200 ppm 8-HQS + 200 ppm ascorbic acid (AA), besides to the interaction treatments between them. The obtained results referred to that, the longest vase life of gerbera cut flowers were achieved by STS+S + 8-HQS for 16 hours as pulsing solution and storage at 5±1˚C for 0-time which followed by 6 days and holding solution under study compared to the other interactions. Also, the highest values of water balance were obtained with the same treatment at 0-time storage. Finally, the best data regard anthocyanin content and total sugars percentage were observed with pulsing solutions and storage at 6 days plus 5% S + 200 ppm 8-HQS + 200 ppm AA as holding solution.

Two field experiments were done at a privet farm in Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during the two summer consecutive seasons of 2019 and 2020. The research objective of this work was to examine the influence of foliar application of nano-chitosan at different concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm) under different phosphorus fertilizer level (0, 16, 32 and 48 kg P2O5/feddan) on hot pepper "cv. Hyffa" productivity. The influence of phosphorus fertilizer, nano-chitosan and their interaction treatments were determined on plant growth, yield components, some chemical constituents. Phosphorus fertilization at 48 kg P2O5/feddan significantly increased hot pepper growth (plant height, number of branches per plant and total plant dry weight), yield components parameters (fruit set %, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit yield per plant and early yield and total yield per feddan) and chemical constituents (total chlorophyll, total soluble solids, vitamin C, total nitrogen%, total phosphorus % and potassium %) as well as capsaicin content in fruits compared to control and the lowest levels under study. In addition, increasing nano-chitosan concentrations gradually increased all measured parameters to reach the highest values with 100 ppm concentration as foliar spray compared to the other treatments under study. Generally, the results of this work demonstrated that foliar applications of 100 ppm nano-chitosan could help enhance hot pepper (Capsicum annuum, L.) growth and productivity as well as content of alkaloids (determined as capsaicin) when interacted with 48 kg P2O5/feddan under Dakahlia Governorate conditions.

This investigation was executed to assess the effects of three synthetic cytokinins [6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 6-(γ,γdimethylallylamino) purine (2iP) and furfurylamino-purine (kinetin)] at three concentrations for each type (100, 200 and 300 mg/l), beside the control one (tap water) on vegetative growth and some chemical analysis of Syngonium podophyllum plants. Two pot experiments were executed during the two successive seasons of 2019 and 2020 in a commercial farm in Belqas Khamis, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. The obtained results generally revealed that spraying of the three types and concentrations of synthetic cytokinins significantly enhanced plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area, foliage fresh and dry weight, root length, root fresh and dry weight compared to the control plants. Moreover, spraying of synthetic cytokinins was superior and significantly increased N%, P%, K%, total carbohydrates, total phenolics, chlorophylls and carotenoids content in leaves. Meanwhile, spraying of 2iP at 200 mg/l gave the highest values for most of the vegetative growth characters (plant height, leaves number and foliage fresh weight) and chemical composition (chlorophyll a, b, a+b, carotenoids, total carbohydrates and N, P and K contents in leaves) compared to other treatments. However, applying of kinetin at 200 mg/l gave higher values of foliage fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll a than other concentrations. Besides, spraying of BAP at 100 mg/l gave the highest roots fresh and dry weight. While spraying of BAP at 200 mg/l gave the highest value of total phenolics content compared to other treatments. Generally, the examined cytokinin types and concentrations could be arranged for their positive effects on Syngonium podophyllum descendingly as 2iP at 200 mg/l, BAP at 100 or 200 mg/l and kinetin at 200 mg/l.

Pot expereimet was carried out during 2014-2015 On Paspalum vaginatum (paspalum turf) at research station and laboratory of the department of vegetables and ornamental plants-Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura University. Four mixtures of culture media were used to investigate the effect of compost on vegetative growth under three water levels as follows: Soil Mixtures: Media Sand% Clay% Compost% (vol./vol./vol.) 1 st medium 50 50 Zero 2 nd medium 45 45 10 3 rd medium 40 40 20 4 th medium 35 35 30 Irrigation: a.(1.250)L/week/pot. b.(2.500)L/week/pot. c.(3.750)L/week/pot. Results revealed that plant height was significantly affected by compost and irrigation.The use of the 4 th media with 3.75L/pot significantly gave the greatest highet 7.23 cm. Fresh weight in the same media under the same irrigation significantly produced the greatest value (77.42 g/pot). Dry weight percentage did not affected by media and irrigation as 2 nd media with only1.25L/pot gave the value 37.66% while,1 st media with 3.75L/pot gave 37.65% with out significant differeces in between.

The present investigation was carried out to study the direct and indirect micropropagation of Antirrhinum majus In order to reduce the cost of production and to ensure the production of genetically identical ornamental plantlets for further field culture as well as for medium-term conservation for future use and research. For the direct micropropagation addition of 70.0 % Ethyl alcohol for 30 sec and 30.0% commercial Clorox (1.30% NaOCl) for 5.00 minute were the best treatment for seeds sterilization. Hypocotyl, cotyledon and cotyledonary node were excised from in vitro grown seedlings. These explants were cultured for adventitious shoot regeneration. Using MS medium supplemented with BAP at 0.50 and 1.00 mg/L produced the highest shoots number of 13.50 shoots for both of them. Microshoots were rooted on MS medium containing IBA, IAA or NAA at 0.0, 0.50, 1.00 or 2.00 mg/L. Ninety percent of the microshoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 0.50 and 1.0 mg/L IBA. The rooting which achieved on medium fortified with NAA at 0.50 mg/L significantly recorded the highest roots number of 12.83 roots. A total of 90% survival was achieved and an increase in shoots length (12.71cm) when rooted explants were acclimatized ex vitro using 1: 1 soil: vermiculite mixture. On the other hand, for indirect micropropagation, explants successfully formed callus by using MS medium supplemented with TDZ at