The experiment made it possible to develop new approaches to technological methods for increasing the yield of spring and winter durum wheat varieties against the background of creating prerequisites for preserving the natural fertility of the soil. Along with the released varieties, promising varieties of wheat were studied against the background of the use of new generation biofertilizers and developed doses of mineral nutrition for the planned yield levels. As, along with durum wheat varieties, which are accepted for zoning in the 8th region, modern varieties with high plasticity and adaptability to arid conditions were chosen. In addition, they are able to have a beneficial effect on the course of microbiological soil processes. The positive effect of the durum wheat root system with the symbiosis of biofertilizers was noted. The experiment was carried out in 2018…2022. for land use of the peasant farm "Eliseev A.N", which is located in the black soil zone of the southern Mikhailovsky district of the Volgograd region. Studied varieties of hard spring wheat: Krasnokutka 13, Donskaya elegy and varieties of winter durum wheat: Agat Donskoy and Aksinit with the use of biofertilizers and mineral nutrition for given yield levels (according to the method of Dospekhov B.A., 2011). A five-year experiment has shown that biofertilizers (Blago +, Gumi 20) may well constitute an alternative to traditional mineral nutrition to obtain a given level of yield of hard spring and winter wheat varieties. The use of biofertilizers (as a less expensive means of purchasing them) will increase the yield up to 3.05 t/ha for the Donskaya elegia variety, and up to 3.84 t/ha for winter durum wheat Aksinit, using biofertilizer Gumi 20. Maximum yield level was obtained on the variant of the complex application of Gumi 20+N221P87K135 on the Aksinit variety, which amounted to 6.62 t/ha (with a planned yield of 6.00 t/ha). On varieties of spring durum wheat, the highest yield was obtained in variety Donskaya elegia (5.32 t/ha) on the variant of application of Gumi 20+N221P87K135.

One of the important tasks of increasing the productivity of oilseed flax is to improve the elements of pre-sowing seed treatment in cultivation technology and increase the efficiency of the use of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products, which provides protection from diseases, pests, affects the processes of plant growth and development in the initial period and ultimately increases the yield of seeds and straw. Among the options for pre-sowing seed treatment, the technology of inlaying deserves the most attention, in which a liquid composition based on an aqueous solution of a polymer film-forming agent is applied to their surface, into which substances are introduced that perform not only protective (fungicidal), but also growth-activating functions (trace elements, growth regulators). The polymer film fixes the protective-stimulating substance on the surface of the seeds and avoids significant losses of drugs due to their shedding. The method of inlaying oilseed flax seeds meets the basic principle of integrated crop production, since it gives the maximum effect on increasing yields. This technique helps to increase seed germination, suppresses seed infection, protects seedlings from pathogenic microflora. The main components of protective-stimulating mixtures are: seed protectants, trace elements, growth regulators and film-forming agents. Optimization of the growing conditions of oilseed flax due to the inlay of planting material, fertilization, optimal distribution of plants on the field surface is accompanied by a more rational use of moisture. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the combination of technology elements – seed encrustation, application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P30K30, sowing with a row spacing of 0.15 m, a seeding rate of 5 million pcs./ ha ensured the highest yield of seeds and straw.

All field experiments were conducted by us for three years 2019...2021. Production verification of the results and implementation was carried out in 2020...2021. To establish the influence of technological methods on the productivity of domestic corn hybrids for grain purposes during irrigation in the dry steppe, field experiments were laid to study irrigation and water consumption regimes, the use and effectiveness of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers for a given crop. The following hybrids were selected as research objects: POCC-209 MB and Volga 89 MB (control). The experiments were laid down according to the methodology of the field experience of B.A. Dospekhov and recommendations for conducting field experiments with corn (Falev D.S. et al., 1980). The repeatability of the experiment is fourfold. Plots were arranged sequentially, with systematic placement of options. The method of split plots was used. The total area of the plot is 1120 m2, the account is 250 m2. The mineral fertilizers used in the experiments were calculated taking into account the fertility of chestnut soils and the planned yield of corn grain at the level of 8 and 11 t/ha. According to the fertilized variants N140P107K97, the irrigation regime is 60...70...60% HB, the yield of corn grain is within 8.91...9.84 t/ha. At a dose of N160P156K134, grain yield was slightly higher and amounted to 9.32...12.27 t/ha, depending on the weather conditions of the growing season. Yield under irrigation regime 70...80...70 % The HB on fertilized variants at a dose of N140P107K97 was 9.73...11.85 t/ha, and at a dose of N160P156K134, the yield ranged from 10.49...13'84 t/ha.