No abstract

In the study, the authors analyze the structure of the peat mining equipment park of «Tverregiontorf» and assess the technical level of the machines used, which affects the dynamics of peat extraction volumes. The article deals with the problem of assessing the technological safety of peat mining equipment. The existing two approaches to the analysis of technological safety are not adequate enough. The authors propose to use a technical and economic approach to the analysis of the level of technical safety of a peat mining enterprise on the basis of a model of functioning of a peat mining machine. The functional model of peat technology is based on the idea of technical modernization of the peat machine design and modernization of peat production technology. The technical and economic approach makes it possible to determine the optimal structure of the mining equipment park, as well as to modernize the technology of the production process of peat extraction and to form appropriate mobile sets of machines for the extraction of peat and peat-wood raw materials.

Wheeled tractor vehicles are used to transport peat from open cast mines to storage stockpiles or processing facilities. This paper analyzes dynamic stability and control of an articulate vehicle. A mathematical model of linear dynamics is demonstrated for deformed supporting base and a two-tier transport unit consisting of an AWD tractor and a two-axle trailer. The functions obtained from analysis of maneuverability of the transport unit may be used in studies of operational and technical properties of the vehicles as calculation formulas to determine the trajectories of its components when transporting peat materials in peat mines. This analytic approach provided understanding of the propulsion system of the tractor vehicle and grounds for subsequent computer modeling of the process.

The innovative technology of peat extraction promoting power and resource-saving is offered. Completeness and complexity of peat field useful components extraction are provided on the basis of the nature protection principles of rational environmental management. Strip mining is the mining of a relatively flat field. Preparing the area after its drainage involves a basic series of technological procedures: collecting of wood wastes and removing to the storage, deep milling of the top layer; small wood residues collecting and removing to the area; field surface leveling and profiling (7 peat machines). Preparing the area after its drainage with the excavation of the top layer involves another series of technological procedures: collecting of wood wastes and removing to the storage, deep milling of the top layer; collecting and removing to the storage material for the top layer; field surface leveling and profiling (5 peat machines). In the proposed flowsheet with deep peat milling the top layer is loosened and mixed (roots of trees, shrubs, parts of grass and moss vegetation, woodchips, peat of small decomposition degree). Then the whole layer is removed from the peat field for special treatment. For peat production, there is an undisturbed peat deposit surface, clear of a waste layer.

The «National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030» prioritises the use of resource-saving and waste-free technologies for natural resource extraction and processing, import substitution of mining equipment in the Russian mining sector, and the introduction of digital technologies at all stages of resource extraction and processing in the mining industry to improve their safety. The aim of the article is to study the gradual development of peat machinery classification and the relevance of its improvement through integrated mechanization devices to create waste-free extraction and processing of peat deposits using full-cycle mobile complexes with the development of environmentally friendly and resource-saving technologies for peat production. The methodological basis of the research includes post-event analysis, peat machine design theory, and systems analysis. As a research result, new system factors influencing the development of the classification of currently available machinery and equipment for peat production, as well as classification variants combining the processes of extraction and processing of peat deposit resources are provided, which allow modeling the structure of full-cycle mobile complexes for extraction and processing of peat deposit resources without waste. In terms of practical application, the classification of peat machinery enables the development of a rational decision-making data system for optimizing the structure of the technological machinery and equipment fleet of peat extraction enterprises, taking into account the deteriorating conditions of peat resources and development technologies, the economic conditions of the industry and the current trends of digitalization in the extractive industry.