The question of the proper scaling of crater dimensions resulting from buried explosives is investigated. Four different scaling rules are derived from dimensional analyses. Data are reviewed in an attempt to distinguish which scaling rules are fundamental to cratering. Inability to perform cratering experiments with similitude apparently is one reason for the lack of an unambiguous answer to the scaling question. Influences of possible sources of similarity violation are qualitatively examined, and some experiments are suggested which may provide more direct information about the correct scaling of crater dimensions. DIMENSIONAL ANALYSISWe shall assume that the medium is homogeneous a•d isotropic. Let us consider the following physical quantities (dimensions in parentheses) as being su•cient to describe the phenomena of cratering.

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A tow‐dimensional finite difference wave propagation code was used to analyse the impact of a rigid, ogival‐nosed penetrator with a target consisting of thin alternating layers of silt, sand, and clay. The response of the idealized target was described with an elastic‐plastic constitutive model depending upon two stress invariants and the history of plastic deformation. Interfacial friction between the penetrator and target was assumed to be negligible. Comparisons are made of calculated results and those of nominally similar experiments conducted at the Watching Hill test site in Alberta, Canada. Analysis of these comparisons reveals that numerical methods like the one employed in this study can yield insight into penomena, as well as suggesting possible improvements in the calculation technique.

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