Community-based organizations (CBOs)

No abstract

This study compared vocational rehabilitation clients with substance abuse disabilities to clients with other disabilities, and it compared successfully and unsuccessfully rehabilitated substance abuse clients in order to identify factors which might further promote successful outcomes. Comparisons suggest that substance abusers may have greater obstacles to employment, such as more criminal involvement. Substance abusers received slightly more services, were nearly as likely to be successfully rehabilitated, were less costly to rehabilitate, and received services for shorter periods than other clients. The personal characteristics of the successfully and unsuccessfully rehabilitated substance abusers were nearly identical, but the successful ones were more costly to serve and received more services, particularly (1) diagnostic and evaluation services and (2) education and training services. While the substance abuse literature indicates that clients' personal characteristics (marital and psychiatric status, etc.) are strong predictors of positive client outcomes, regardless of the treatment received, this vocational rehabilitation study suggests the importance of services. Unlike client characteristics which are relatively fixed, service characteristics can be manipulated to produce better outcomes.

A number of studies report comparisons among ethnic/ racial groups in terms of health attitudes, health practices, and socio-economic and mental health status. Of special concern is the mental health status and coping potential of young women of childbearing age because of the special vulnerability of individuals in this group and the vulnerability of their children. The well-being of future generations is at stake when maladaptive functioning compounded by severe social conditions create a climate for inadequate growth and development for large numbers in a population, even for short periods of time. This paper reports the results of a study examining self concepts and mental health status of two distinct populations within one ethnic group-young Hispanic women living on the U.S. side of the Texas-Mexico border versus a similar sample of young Hispanic women living on the Mexico side. Within each sample, the never-pregnant versus ever-pregnant adolescents were compared. The young women in both groups reported intense feelings related to emotional distress. The young women in Ciudad Juarez reported somewhat more positive feelings related to recent well-being. The El Paso women reported a less traditionally feminine persona (they felt more aggressive, confident, successful, energetic, and successful), yet they experienced less happiness, hopefulness, and life satisfaction. However, neither group could be described as reporting positive mental status and those women who had been pregnant were no different than their never-pregnant counterparts. Rather, the results signal serious problems throughout the two populations. Health care and social service workers must recognize and be prepared to address intense personal distresses in both of these young, Hispanic-female, border populations.

No abstract