ABSTRACT.The study was designed to find out the correlation between lipid peroxidation,lipoprotein levels to severity and complication of diabetes mellitus. Degree of lipid peroxidation was measured in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with lipid profile and blood glucose in diabetes mellitus.It is categorised into insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and diabetes mellitus(DM) with complication.Total 112 known diabetic patients and 52 non-diabetic controls were studied.These patients were grouped as per the concentration of fasting blood glucose level i.e.controlled, poorly controlled, and uncontrolled group.There are significant increase in the lipid peroxide (MDA) and lipid profile except HDL cholesterol which is decreased, has been found in all groups as compared to controls. In NIDDM group lipid peroxidation was markedly increased than IDDM group and it was higher in DM with complications. Other finding observed was that the level of lipid peroxide increased as per the increase in concentration of blood glucose. The increase lipid peroxidation in the hyperglycemic condition may be explained, as the superoxide dismutase enzyme which is antioxidant becomes inactive due the formation of superoxide radical within the cell. Maximum lipid peroxidation leads to the damage of the tissue and organs which results into complication in diabetic patients. High levels of total cholesterol appear due to increased cholesterol synthesis. The triglyceride levels changes according to the glycemic control. The increase may be due to overproduction of VLDL-TG.It is concluded that good metabolic control of hyperglycemia will prevent in alteration in peroxidation and the lipid metabolism, which may help in good prognosis and preventing manifestation of vascular and secondary complication in diabetes mellitus KEY WORDSMalondialdehyde, Lipid Peroxide, Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a nonselective nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. ADMA plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tone by acting as an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthesis. Objectives. This study aimed to investigate ADMA with respect to diabetes and its clinical relevance as an independent predictor of CAD (Coronary Artery Disease). Methodology. The present case control study includes two hundred and forty patients selected randomly. Serum ADMA was analyzed by using enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative determination of endogenous ADMA, and serum nitric oxide was estimated by the method of Cortes. Results. Elevated NO level levels was a strong predictor and significantly (t: 9.86, P < 0.001) associated with occurrence of CAD. Increased ADMA level was found to be another strong predictor and associated significantly (t: 8.02, P < 0.001) with CAD. On intra group analysis, the relationship between ADMA and NO in diseased group, is significant negative correlation (r = −0.743). P (0.001) was found between ADMA and NO. Conclusion. ADMA level was found to be one of the strong predictors for CAD. ADMA is an emerging independent risk marker for future CVD (cardiovascular disease) events.

With the growing interest in the concept of free radicals in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia, it was thought worthwhile to study the changes in lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in ischemic heart disease (IHD). The study was carried out on 76 patients of IHD -38 of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 38 of stable ischemic heart disease (SIDH). They were age and sex matched with 38 normal healthy controls. A significant increase (p<0.001) in lipid peroxides as malondialdehyde (MDA) (6.9 + 0.7 mmollL) and a decrease in GPx (24.6 + 2.2 UlgmHb) was found in patients of AMI when compared with controls. There was no significant difference in these values in SIHD. Thus this study confirms the earlier findings that MDA and GPx are useful parameters in IHD and their magnitude is dependent on severity and/or duration of ischemia. We suggest that these tests would be of use in smaller institutions with limited facilities.

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