The aim of the study was selection of optimal conditions for obtaining carotenoid drugs of mycelium origin from the basidiomycete strains Laetiporus sulphureus Ls-08, Fomes fomentarius Ff-1201 and Fistulina hepatica Fh-18 and the study of antibacterial and total antioxidant activity of these compounds. The strains were surface grown on a glucose-peptone medium modified for each producer. The homogenized pigments of the mycelium strains were extracted with ethanol and the solvent was separated under vacuum at 60 ºC. The absorption spectra of the carotenoid drugs were recorded for alcoholic solutions at 350–500 nm. The antibacterial activity of the carotenoids was determined by the agar diffusion method, and the total antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH-method. It was found that the optimum temperature for carotenoid extraction is 60 °C. The absorption spectra of carotenoid drugs showed three peaks in 420, 450 and 470 nm. These results respond to the β-carotene absorption spectra. The highest antioxidant activity was noted for carotenoid drugs from F. hepatica Fh-18 and L. sulphureus Ls-08 strains obtained at an extraction temperature of 40 and 60 °C respectively. The antibacterial activity of carotenoid drugs against the test cultures was not species dependent. Carotenoid drugs with a 20% concentrate obtained from the L. sulphureus Ls-08 strain had the highest antibacterial activity against the test cultures Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Carotenoids from the mycelium of F. hepatica Fh-18 had the highest antibacterial activity against the test culture Candida albicans. Extraction temperature of 60 °C is optimal for mycelial yield of carotenoids from the studied strains. All preparations of carotenoids exhibited antibacterial activity against the test microorganism cultures. The carotenoid drugs obtained at 40 and 60 °C from the strains F. hepatica Fh-18 and L. sulphureus Ls-08 respectively showed the highest antioxidant activity.

This article provides information about the ways of increasing the biosynthetic activity of carotenoids by basidiomycetes Laetiporus sulphureus and searching for the most productive strain of L. sulphureus by using various light spectra. We explored the radial growth, biomass increase, and biosynthesis of carotenoids of L. sulphureus. Three strains of L. sulphureus were screened: Ls-0917, Ls-0918, and Ls-0919. They were isolated from wild plants. Surface cultivation was performed for observing the dynamics of biomass and carotenoid accumulation. The results demonstrated that certain modes of monochromatic irradiation of coherent light could increase radial carotenoid growth, biomass, and biosynthesis in mycelium and culture filtrate. We defined the most productive strains that had the greatest daily growth of mycelium. Furthermore, we discovered that observed cultures could accumulate carotenoids throughout the cultivation period.

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