Lameness in sheep, especially in semi-extensive breeding of Dubska pramenka, which starts in the interdigital region, was the motive of our morphological and histological research, in order to and in some way, bring the structure of the interdigital sinus in correlation with the appearance of this pathological state that causes extensive economical losses in the domestic sheep breeding,. The anatomical location of the interdigital diverticulum, its histological structure, which point to abundance of sebaceous glands around the hair follicles surrounding the interdigital opening and interdigital glands in deeper layers, point to the suggestion that their secretion increases due to poor hygienic keeping conditions. Pathogens -anaerobic microorganisms, which are most commonly causing the contagious lameness find the ideal conditions for their growth and reproduction because the secretion of these glands is likely "to close" the only "air" communication -interdigital opening.

Because of skeletal muscle is the main contributor to body weight in most fish, it is probable that the species of the fish is limited by the growth of this tissue. Several aspects of both somatic size and skeletal muscle growth was investigated in this research work included a total of 20 brown trout (Salmo truta m. fario Lineus), 20 brook trout (Salvelinus alpinus) and 20 rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykkis Walbaum), the average weight of 200 grams. Gathered data showed that rainbow trout has a faster increasing white muscles then other two fish species at same body weight. Main peak of diameter white muscles was 31-40 ?m (30.55%) and 41-50 ?m (22.15%) for rainbow trout. In mean time in the other two fish groups (brown trout and brook trout) was 21-30 ?m (40.1% or 39.27%) and 31-40 ?m (39.27% or 33.85%) of measured cross sectional areas. Distribution measured cross sectional areas of red muscles laniary goes down from the <20 ?m to >71 ?m.

Bosnia and Herzegovina has always had a developed sheep production, at least from the aspect of the number of sheep per capita. Today, the ratio is 1 sheep per 4 persons, because the cattle production, globally looking, is decimated by war. Thanks to the geographic location of the country, the quality of mountain pastures and environment that is still healthy, we believe that with increased investments in sheep production we could increase the number of heads, which would have positive effects on production of meat and milk of exceptional quality. The study involving the uterus of Dubska pramenka during sexual season under nomadic conditions of holding, demonstrated that, in adequate zoo hygiene conditions (holding, feeding, treatment of animal), the sheep showed increased reproductive parameters as well as parameters manifested in meat and milk production. In our studies, microstructure of uterus of Dubska pramenka during sexual season shows extremely positive characteristics for nidation of the egg cell and normal development of the embryo. Epithelium of the uterus is in a form of high-prismatic cells, which points to significant cell activity; perfusion and development of myometrium are visible. The uterine glands are extremely well developed and their histological structure indicates increased secretion and preparation of the uterus for gravidity.

Absract Catecholamines have been identified after numerous studies at the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century. Their hormonal role is evident through their receptors and is very important on all of the organs and body systems. Except for the hormonal one, catecholamines also have the role of neurotransmitters. The role of catecholamines is evident in humans and domesticated animals in their digestive system. They strongly support, through their receptors, motility and secretion in stomach and small and large intestine, in a way that they relax i.e. reduce tone of smooth musculature of stomach and bowels. In that way they actively participate in normal maintenance of their homeostasis. There are evident differences in representation and distribution of adrenergic (α and β) receptors in smooth musculature of stomach as well as the small and large intestines of domestic mammals and poultry. Noradrenaline with its activity through α -adrenoceptors significantly affects the increase of secretion in gastrointestinal tract. Through β-adrenoceptors, adrenaline affects the decrease of peristaltic movements in both small and large intestine, and, at the same time, decreases tone, i.e. motility in stomach of monogastric, as well as the rumen of polygastric, animals.Keywords: Adrenaline, digestive tract, motility, noradrenaline, receptors. Katekolaminlerin Evcil Hayvanlarda Sindirim Sistemindeki Homeostazisin Korunmasındaki RolüÖz: Katekolaminler, ondokuzuncu yüzyıldan yirminci yüzyıla geçişte yapılan çeşitli çalışmalardan sonra tespit edilmiştir. Hormonal rolleri reseptörleri aracılığıyla belirgindir ve bu rol tüm organlar ve vücut sistemleri için çok önemlidir. Ayrıca, katekolaminler nörotransmitter rolüne de sahiptir. Katekolaminlerin rolü, insan ve evcil hayvanların sindirim sisteminde görülmektedir. Reseptörleri aracılığıyla mide, ince ve kalın bağırsaktaki hareketlilik ve salgılamayı mide ve bağırsakların yumuşak kas gücünü azaltıp gevşetici yönde güçlü şekilde desteklerler. Bu yolla, normal homeostazisin sürdürülmesine aktif olarak katkı sağlarlar. Mide düz kaslarının yanı sıra, evcil memeli ve kanatlıların ince ve kalın bağırsağındaki adrenerjik (α ve ß) reseptörlerinin temsil ve dağılımında belirgin farklılıklar vardır. Noradrenalin'in aktivitesi α-adrenoseptörleri aracılığıyla mide-bağırsak kanalı salgısındaki artışı önemli ölçüde etkiler. Adrenalin, β-adrenoseptörleri aracılığıyla, hem ince hem de kalın bağırsakta peristaltik hareketlerindeki azalmayı etkilediği gibi, aynı zamanda, tek mideli hayvanların midesindeki ve çok midelilerin rumenindeki gücü (hareketliliği) azaltır.

Success in cattle breeding is one of the most important goals in livestock farming and it requires particular attention when it is about securing unobstructed reproduction. Final goal in cattle breeding is to produce one live calf per year, which will likewise enhance milk production through successful pregnancy. The aim of our research was to monitor uterine involution speed with aid of ultrasound device and make records when cows are ready to be inseminated again, which cows need more time to complete involution and how many cows will have uterine disorders and require therapy. The experiment was carried out from October 2009 until the end of January 2010. In our experiment 50 cows were included and 412 transrectal ultrasound examinations were performed. Cows were transrectally examined, starting from 6th day postpartum until 52 days postpartum. Speed of uterine involution has been monitored through decrease of uterine horn diameter and wall thickness. Cows with normal puerperium have completed involution in the period from 38 - 45 days postpartum, while those with abnormal puerperium needed more time to complete it or required therapy of disturbed uterine status. In total 48% of cows had normal uterine involution, 52% of cows had some abnormalities in involution and 10% of cows in experiment required therapy. With continuous monitoring of reproductive tract in cattle with ultrasound it is possible to timely detect right time for first insemination postpartum, decrease period of open days or to detect abnormalities in uterine health status and treat it.