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The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) documented, in 2002, a plan for accelerating cleanup of the Hanford Site, located in southeastern Washington State, by at least 35 years. A key element of the plan was acceleration of the tank waste program and completion of ''tank waste treatment by 2028 by increasing the capacity of the planned Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) and using supplemental technologies for waste treatment and immobilization.'' The plan identified steam reforming technology as a candidate for supplemental treatment of as much as 70% of the low-activity waste (LAW).Mineralizing steam reforming technology, offered by THOR Treatment Technologies, LLC would produce a denitrated, granular mineral waste form using a high-temperature fluidized bed process. A pilot scale demonstration of the technology was completed in a 15-cm-diameter reactor vessel. The pilot scale facility was equipped with a cyclone separator and heated sintered metal filters for particulate removal, a thermal oxidizer for reduced gas species and NO x destruction, and a packed activated carbon bed for residual volatile species capture. The pilot scale equipment is owned by the DOE, but located at the Science and Technology Applications Research (STAR) Center in Idaho Falls, ID. Pilot scale testing was performed August 2-5, 2004. Flowsheet chemistry and operational parameters were defined through a collaborative effort involving Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), and THOR Treatment Technologies personnel. Science Application International Corporation, owners of the STAR Center, personnel performed actual pilot scale operation.The pilot scale test achieved a total of 68.4 hrs of cumulative/continuous processing operation before termination in response to a bed de-fluidization condition. 178 kg of LAW surrogate were processed that resulted in 148 kg of solid product, a mass reduction of about 17%. The process achieved essentially complete bed turnover within approximately 40 hours. Samples of mineralized solid product materials were analyzed for chemical/physical properties. SRNL will report separately the results of product performance testing that were accomplished. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe US Department of Energy (DOE) desired further experimental data, with regard to fluidized bed steam reforming (FBSR) technology, to make informed decisions concerning the selection of supplemental treatment technology for Hanford low-activity waste (LAW) and to support a 2006 decision date. Radioactive experimental data were desired to provide the most beneficial information to DOE. It was recognized that there was not an experimental fluidized bed test system/facility available to generate experimental radioactive data in the desired time frame. Therefore, a collaboration involving laboratory work at Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) and pilot scale work at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) was initiated to provide the information in the requir...

Recent efforts at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) have included evaluation of cesium removal technologies as applied to ICPP acidic radioactive waste . . streams. Ammonium molybdophosphate (AMP) immobilized.on .a polyacfLlonitrile support (AMP-PAN) has been studied as an ion exchange agent for cesium removal from acidic waste solutions. Capacities;. distribution coefficients, elutability, and kinetics of cesium extraction, have been evaluated. Exchange breakthrough curves using small columns have *been determined fiom 1M HNO, and simulated waste solutions. The theoretical capacity of AMP is 213 g Cskg AMP. The average experimental capacity in batch contacts with various acidic solutions was -1 5 0 g Cskg -.AMP. The measured cesium distribution coefficients fiom actual waste solutions were 3287 d / g for dissolved zirconia calcines, and 2679 d / g for sodium-bearing waste. The cesium in the dissolved alumina calcines was analyzed for; however, the concentration was below analytical detectable limits resulting in inconclusive results.The reaction kinetics are very rapid (2-10 minutes). Cesium absorption appears to be independent-of acid-c-oncentration-over-tlie range tes~eeci-(Grli~~o5ivl-~G~)), ----

WINCO scientistsand engineers in selecting,evaluating,and ranking candidate aqueous-basedprocesses and technologiesfor potentialuse in partitioning selected radionuclidesfrom nitric acid solutionsof retrieved Idaho Chemical ProcessingPlant (ICPP) calcine. Radionuclidesof interest are all transuraniumelements,9°Sr, 99Tc, 1291, and 137Cs. The six man Panel, consistingof US Departmentof Energy contractoremployees and outside consultants,met with involvedWINCO technicaland managementpersonnel for 4 days (February16-19, 1993) on the campus of the

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