Nowadays the great challenge in an industrial environment is the possibility of integration of the diverse technologies in one plant of industrial automation. In this context, this article discusses the possibilities of the use of a service-oriented architecture to solve problems of interoperability between the various systems of industrial automation process.

In this Letter, the authors propose a novel fully integrable architecture for a quasi-circulator. It is comprised of an inductorless and wideband structure and off-chip components are not required. This solution is appropriate for use in backscattering systems, such as RFID-tag readers. The proposed quasi-circulator differs from passive off-chip circulators because the power amplifier is embedded and the terminals have non-standard impedances. Thus, they propose a leakage figure as a figure-of-merit, which is related to the isolation of conventional circulators. The structure described herein is applied to a wireless power transfer system with an output power of 25 dBm at 990 MHz.