This study presents the design and manufacture of a low-cost driving simulator device that achieves results comparable to advanced simulation devices with a high cost. The aim is to use it in a variety of laboratory studies to understand the behaviour and performance of the driver and vehicle and in designing the elements of the road infrastructure and using it as a driving training device. (51) participants of both genders and of different ages participated in the performance of driving experiences in the city environment scenario, where the experiment lasted (30) minutes for the purpose of evaluating the validity of the manufactured simulator by filling out a questionnaire consisting of (9) questions. The results indicate that all participants (100%) were impressed with the design of the device, the ease of use of the device’s controls (steering wheel, gearbox and pedals) and the realism of the approved driving simulation program, and by (52.9%) the simulated experience was very good. With a percentage of (96.1%), they evaluated the device between the device being (realistic - very realistic) (100%), and the participants evaluated the device on a scale of (0-100). The summary of the results is that the device has a high acceptance.

Current research assesses the effect of fatigue on drivers' performance.• The results show that the level of alertness has decreased in fatigued driving. • Male participants have showed better response time when compared to female participants. • Young participants are more affected by fatigue driving than older people. Science evidence suggests that fatigue due to lack of sleep is a major cause of most traffic accidents. Fatigue can arise when people do not get enough sleep, which is at least 7 hours, and this deprivation can impair body performance physically and mentally while driving. This study investigated the effect of sleep deprivation fatigue on driving performance. Experiments were performed for two types of tasks, Fatigue driving tasks (sleep deprivation) and non-Fatigue driving tasks (without sleep deprivation) on a driving simulator at the University of Technology, in which 42 participants; aged (19-55) took part with an average age (mean = 33.14, SD = 10.26). Driver performance was assessed using descriptive methods to verify response time and subjective behavior methods using the Stanford Drowsiness Scale. The results showed a gradual increase in the average response time of the fatigued drivers compared to the non-fatigue drivers. The results of the response time indicated that all groups were affected by the test conditions, through the variation in the average response time between the two tasks. In a related context, the results of the Stanford Drowsiness Scale show a significant increase in the average degree of drowsiness for fatigue drivers, as it was greater than for non-Fatigue drivers.