grating from r I to rz, it is found that V = ~m-l(P2r~ --Plr~).It must obviously be the case that P2r~ > Plr~.It is simple to establish that the function T l = Pl -c(r -r l) -d In (r/r I) in fact satisfies Eq. (3.4) and the boundary conditions with the following constraints on the constants c, d: c(r z -r l) + d In (r2/r l) = Pl -P2(G~ ~ d ~ G~), where G~ = max {0, R-IS}; R = r 2 -r I -r 2 in (rz/rl); S = ~(r 2 -r~)P 2 + r2(P 2 -Pl); ~ = 2p(p + m)-l; G~ = (Pl -P2) In-I (r2/rl)-It must be the case here that 0 < Pl[1 + ~In(~/q)]-t~ P2 < PI-(3.5)Choosing s singular side of the plasticity condition of maximum reduced stress, let m = i; p = 1/3; ~ = 1/2; r~ = i; r 2 = 2; P2 = I; Pl = 1 + in 2/2.It is obvious that Eq. (3.5) is satisfied here, and each d from the interval 0 & d ~ 1/2 corresponds to a particular thickness distribution of the optimal design.Thus, a continuum of designs of absolute minimum weight is obtained for the same loading conditions. The distribution of the function h for d = 0 and d = 1/2 is shown in Fig. 2 (curw~s 1 and 2). LITERATURE CITED i. P.A. Zinov'ev, "Theory of Designing minimum-weight structures," Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn.A linearly elastic composite material consisting of homogeneous matrices and ellipsoidal inclusions is considered.The distribution of the microinhomogeneities is assumed to be statistically homogeneous.At present, the effective method has been used to obtain particular estimates of effective macroscopic characteristics of materials from the properties of the matrix and the inclusions and also the mean stress field over the inclusions [3-5, ii]. The method is based on accurate solution for one ellipsoidal inclusion in an infinite matrix [6] and independence of the effective field from the geometry and elastic moduli of the given inclusion.In the present work, an asymptotically accurate solution is obtained for two ellipsoids in an infinite medium, under the assumption of homogeneous stress inside each inclusion. On the basis of this solution, a generalization of the effective-field method is proposed, taking account of binary interaction of the inclusions in an effective field.The stress concentrations inside and in the vicinity of the inclusions due to action of the external force field and the difference in thermal-expansion coefficients of the individual phases are estimated, and the effective elastic moduli and thermal expansion coefficients are also determined.The results obtained depend much more on the concentration of inclusions than in [3-51; this agrees with experiment.
В работе представлена методика моделирования трехмерных внутренних нестационарных турбулентных течений, в частности, течения продуктов сгорания в твердотопливном ракетном двигателе. Приведена система определяющих уравнений, описывающая поток сжимаемого вязкого газа, записанная в цилиндрической системе координат. Предложен вычислительный алгоритм, разработанный на основе модифицированной схемы расщепления векторов потоков, относящийся к классу методов, использующих подход Годунова. Данный алгоритм пригоден для сквозного расчета внутреннего течения по всему тракту ракетного двигателя, включающего как зоны дозвукового течения в камере, так и зону сверхзвукового течения в сопле. Полученные результаты численного моделирования внутреннего турбулентного течения газа в модельном ракетном двигателе показывают осциллирующий ударно-волновой характер процессов, протекающих в камере двигателя на начальном этапе работы. Определено время выхода двигателя на стационарный режим. Ключевые слова: внутрикамерные процессы; турбулентность; нестационарное течение; вычислительная гидрогазодинамика.
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