Tillage erosion is one of the main causes of land degradation. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of tillage systems (up and downslope and contour tillage), soil conditions (consolidated and loosened soils), tillage depth, speed and slope on tillage erosion rate. Field experiments of variable slopes (3-16%) were established on sandy soil of Wadi El Ramala, west Mersa Matruh City. Soil translocation as affected by tillage systems and soil conditions were examined. In addition, soil losses by tillage erosion and water erosion were measured and evaluated. The experimental results showed that the average displacement distance is a function of gradient slopes, soil condition, tillage system, depth and speed. The validation of the soil translocation model developed by (Van Muysen et al 2000), under different gradient slopes, tillage depth, speed and soil condition were evaluated. This validation showed that variations in tracer displacement distance can be successfully predicted. Consequently, such model can be used under sandy soil. Finally, experiment results showed that tillage operations with a chisel plow under present agricultural practices are responsible for the major field redistribution of soil. Furthermore, it is clear that tillage of a loosened soil is far more erosive than tillage of a consolidated soil, where the tillage transport coefficient (K) was 105 kg.m-1 per tillage operation for consolidated soil and 179 kg.m-1 for loosened soil under contour tillage. However, 256 kg.m-1 per tillage prevailed for consolidated soil and 454 kg.m-1 for loosened soil under up and downslope tillage treatments.

Two trials of winter seasons 2013 and 2014 were conducted in Lizemeter of Bacteriology Laboratory, Sakha Agricultural Research Station to investigate the potential effects of biofertilization and organic agriculture systems (had no mineral fertilizers nor chemical pesticides)compared to chemical fertilization on wheat grains yield (Egypt1 and Seds12 varieties) and susceptibility of the produced grains to infestation with Rhizopertha dominica post storage. Seds12 wheat variety positively responded to both organic agriculture, and bioinoculation treatments whereas grains yield significantly increased through both seasons compared to NPK fertilization (traditional control), but grain index did not exhibit any response. On the other hand, grain yield and grain index of Egypt 1 were not significantly affected. In respect to infestation with R. dominica during storage, according to the studied parameters i.e. mean number of adults emerged, mean developmental period (life cycle) and grain weight loss, Egypt1 variety negatively affected with significant values due to biofertilization treatment compared to NPK fertilization (control), while there were significant variations in case of organic agriculture treatment. On contrast, the grains of Seds12 variety exhibited significant decreases in mean adults emerged, grain weight loss and had the longest life cycle resultant biofertilization and organic agriculture treatments. So, it is considered moderate tolerant to R. dominica post harvest compared to traditional control