The purpose of this study is to compare and assess the performance and the postoperative outcomes of torsional mode and ultrasound (US) mode performed in the phacoemulsification of cataract with different nuclear densities. This is a randomized comparative clinical study. Two groups of 75 eyes (the first operated by Ozil(®) and the second by US) were comparable in age, gender, cataract density, corneal incision size, and intraocular lens type. We assessed peroperative parameters: US time (UST) and cumulative dissipated energy (CDE). Postoperative outcome measures were corneal edema and final best-corrected visual acuity. The UST was significantly lower in the ozil(®) group for all nucleus grades (73.43 s ± 8.3 with US vs. 46.02 s ± 23 with Ozil(®)) (p = 0.0003). The CDE was lower in the Ozil(®) group for grade III and IV cataract (p = 0.005). However, no significant difference was noted for grade II cataract (p = 0.07). Immediate postoperative corneal edema was significantly harder in the US group (p = 0.00002). The mean one month postoperative visual acuity was 0.2 ± 0.03 logMAR and 0.15 ± 0.07 logMAR, respectively, in the US group and the Ozil(®) group (p = 0.06). Ozil(®) mode seems to dissipate less energy in the eye than US mode. The visual outcome at one month is comparable in the two groups.
Apolipoprotein E ( APOE) is a member of the apolipoprotein gene family. APOE is polymorphic with 3 main allelic types: ∊2, ∊3, and ∊4. Certain of these alleles have been associated with higher vascular risk. However, the association of APOE genotypes with retinal biomarkers and risk of retinal stroke is less clear. This study evaluated the role of APOE polymorphisms in retinal vein occlusion (RVO). In the present study, 2-point mutations coding amino acid residues 112 and 158 were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from DNA extracted from Tunisian participants. APOE genotypes were determined by multiplex PCR followed by molecular hybridization. Eighty-eight patients (26 women and 62 men) and 100 age- and gender-matched healthy participants were enrolled. The statistical study revealed a higher frequency of the ∊4 allele in patients as compared to controls (27.3% vs 9%) with a significant association of the ∊4 allele with the disease ( P < 10, P < 10, odds ratio [OR] = 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1-6.8). The frequency of the ∊3 allele was significantly lower in the patients with RVO compared to the controls (60.2% vs 82.5%, respectively; P < 10, P < 10, OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.19-0.53). The ∊3 allele seems to be protective against the disease. There was no association between the APO ∊2 allele and RVO. The association of APOE allele and genotype with RVO requires further investigation in different populations.
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