OBJECTIVE: To determine differences in dietary intake between overweight and non-overweight schoolchildren and differences in consumption during the day and in the course of the week. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Using a cross-sectional design, 32 schoolchildren (11-y-old) were selected at random. The parents of children recorded dietary intake for a week using the food weighing method. The children were considered to be overweight when the weight for height was higher than 90th percentile. RESULTS: Some 46.9% of examined schoolchildren were considered overweight. Percentage energy intake reported was significantly lower in the overweight group compared to the non-overweight children (8948.7 vs 9590.1 kJ=day; P < 0.01). Carbohydrate intake was significantly greater in the non-overweight schoolchildren (250.9 AE 58.8 vs 222.1 AE 77.4 g=day; P < 0.01). The difference in protein intake between week and weekend days was significant (81.6 AE 25.5 in the week days vs 73.9 AE 21.4 g=day in the weekend days; P < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The data suggest the belief that overweight children eat more than non-overweight children is not correct. These findings suggest that the positive energy balance causing overweight is due possibly to a low energy output.