Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 11-amino-1-undecanethiol (AUT) have been prepared on polycrystalline Au by immersion of the corresponding surfaces in an AUT 1 mM solution in pure ethanol. The films were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Results of CV and EIS experiments in NaClO 4 solution agree with the fast formation of a well-packed film with low current density (hundreds of nA/cm 2 ) and capacitance values around 2 µF/cm 2 . The films were stable between -0.7 and 0.7 V (vs Ag/AgCl/NaCl sat.). Average values of 1.6 nm and 26°were obtained for the film thickness and the tilt chain angle in the potential region under study. The kinetic analysis of the adsorption process, monitored in situ by the QCM technique, showed that it occurs in two stages: a fast Langmuir type adsorption step (k 1 ) 0.1047 min -1 ), followed by a much slower process of molecular rearrangement (k 2 ) 0.0020 min -1 ). AFM operated in tapping mode did not reveal any morphological changes on the surface after immersion in AUT discarding multilayer growth. The electron transfer (ET) of Fe(CN) 6 -3 and Ru(NH 3 ) 6 +3 species in solution through the AUT layer was investigated by CV and EIS. A mechanism of selective permeation of the electroactive species across the monolayer, controlled by the nature of the electrostatic interactions established at the SAM-solution interface, explains the experimental data obtained and previously reported in the literature for ET processes through substituted SAMs. Analysis of the film structure according to theoretical models (commonly used for SAM characterization) to our experimental data, led to contradictory results clearly affected by the nature of the unconsidered electrostatic interactions (values of θ ) 0.80 and 0.99 were obtained in the presence of Fe(CN) 6 -3 and Ru(NH 3 ) 6 +3 , respectively, in KCl electrolyte using the Amatore model).
Silver thin films were deposited with different preferential orientations and special attention was paid to the bioreactivity of the surfaces. The study was essentially focused on the evaluation of the films by x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and contact angle measurements. The deposited thin films were characterized before and after immersion in S-enriched simulated human plasma in order to estimate the influence of the preferential crystallographic orientation on the in vitro behaviour. Silver thin films with and without (111) preferential crystallographic orientation were deposited by r.f. magnetron sputtering to yield nanocrystalline coatings, high compact structures, very hydrophobic surfaces and low roughness. These properties reduce the chemisorption of reactive species onto the film surface. The in vitro tests indicate that silver thin films can be used as coatings for biomaterials applications.
Introdução: Com o desenvolvimento da sociedade, o conceito de qualidade tornou-se fundamental no âmbito das organizações de saúde. Contudo pouco ainda se sabe sobre o impacto da componente estrutura do modelo de Donabedian na qualidade dos cuidados prestados pelos Enfermeiros Especialistas em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER). O objetivo deste estudo consiste em identificar e analisar os fatores relacionados com a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação nas Unidades de Medicina Física e Reabilitação (MFR) à luz do modelo de Donabedian na dimensão estrutura. Metodologia: Estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa. Utilizamos uma amostra não probabilística de conveniência, sendo todos os participantes, EEER do mesmo serviço. Os dados foram recolhidos através de uma entrevista semiestruturada, constituída por oito perguntas abertas e um conjunto de oito perguntas para a caraterização sociodemográfica e profissional. Na análise dos dados utilizamos as orientações para a análise de conteúdo propostas por Bardin (2009) com recurso ao software Atlas.ti. Resultados e Discussão: Da análise dos discursos dos 16 participantes, à luz do modelo de Donabedian na área temática Estrutura emergiram as seguintes categorias: gestão de pessoas e liderança no serviço e ambiente físico e condições para funcionamento das práticas de enfermagem. O modelo de Donabedian suportou a discussão em conjugação com outros referenciais. Encontramos discrepâncias nos discursos dos participantes, especificamente em relação às metodologias de trabalho e de distribuição da carga de trabalho relativa aos cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação. O método de trabalho surge como contributo dificultador para alguns enfermeiros, enquanto, para outros é uma mais-valia para a responsabilização das práticas autónomas desenvolvidas. Conclusão: Podemos concluir que os enfermeiros identificam fatores facilitadores e dificultadores no âmbito da estrutura do serviço, que interferem com a qualidade dos cuidados.
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