A field experiment was carried out during winter season of 2009-2010 firstly to evaluate the effect of some commercial products of humic acid in reducing mineral fertilizer rates, improving some soil properties (bulk density, total porosity, available water, mean weight diameter and soluble ions), plant growth and nutrients uptake by broad bean plant. secondly is trying to reduce the mineral fertilizer application for their dangerous on general health and highly cost of these fertilizer, with improving production of important crops by natural material. The commercial compounds (Leq humus, Hammer, Wesko plus K, K-Promote and Commander) were added to soil by a rate 10 kg fed -1 plus half the general recommendation. The results could be summarized as follows: -The values of soil bulk density decreased as a result of application humic products as compared with the control (mineral fertilization only). -Soil total porosity and values of available water increased due to the treatments used. -The values of mean weight diameter and soluble ions increased due to the treatments. -The values of soil organic matter and available micronutrients increased due to the treatments. -The plant dry matter yield values (straw and seeds) increased with of humic treatments application -The treatments under investigation gave higher percentage values of macro and micronutrients (content and uptake) in straw of broad bean plants as compared to the control.

Field experiment was conducted at the east of Nile River in El-Menia Government to investigate the effect of soil surface condition (seed-bed preparation and mulching materials) on soil temperature and moisture content. The relation between soil temperature and air temperature was also to estimated. Treatments of seedbed preparation included ridges surface and flat surfaces. The mulching treatments materials included flat surface mulched with cucumbers residues, flat surface mulched with clear plastic sheets and flat surface mulched with black plastic sheets.The results showed that maximum soil temperature values in ridge treatments, at any given depth were higher than that observed in a flat plot without mulching. On the other hand, the minimum soil temperature in ridges was lower than that observed in flat plot ones. Concerning the mulching materials effect, the black plastic sheets gave the highest values of maximum and minimum soil temperature followed by clear plastic sheets and cucumbers straw mulching. Theses differences decreased with depth. The data also showed that soil temperature is mainly a function of surrounded climatological conditions. Whereas, there are a positive and significant correlations between soil temperature and air temperature especially at surface soil depths.

to evaluate the effect of earthworm Aporrectodea longa (the black-headed worm) individuals application on improving some physical properties of compacted clay soil (losing of compaction and improved the movement of water and air) and loose sandy soil (stabilization of aggregates and increase of moisture retention). The results showed that the addition of earthworm (Aporrectodea longa) individuals had a marked effect for improving soil physical properties of both soils under investigation (compacted clay and loose sandy soils). Where it seen that the compaction of clay soil was reduced, which appear which the soil bulk density values was decreased and subsequently, total porosity was increased. On this concern, the hydraulic conductivity was increased, indicating a marked improvement of the pore size distribution. The results showed that aggregate size distribution and mean weight diameter affected by addition of earthworm (Aporrectodea longa) individuals, where the percentage of macro-aggregates increased and the micro-aggregates decreased. According to this the results indicated that mean weight diameter values increased compared to the control treatment of both soils. The same trend was observed either soil bulk density or total porosity of the loose sandy soil. This is contrast in case of both pore size distribution and hydraulic conductivity. Where the hydraulic conductivity was decrease by application of earthworm (Aporrectodea longa) treatments.

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