Introduction/Objective. Peritoneal dialysis is a method of treating patients in terminal phase of renal failure (end-stage renal disease). Peritonitis represents most severe and most common complication of peritoneal dialysis. The most common peritonitis causes are Gram+ microorganisms: Staphylococcus-coagulase-negative, Staphylococcus aureus, Strepto-coccus sp, Neisseria sp. Gram- microorganisms are: Pseudomonas sp, Enterococcus, Klebsiella sp, Proteus sp, Acinetobacter sp. The aim of the study was to examine the incidence of peritonitis and to determine the differences between patients with and without peritonitis and catheter infection. Other goals of the work were: the most frequent causes of peritonitis, the outcome of treatment, the influence of the length of treatment on the development of peritonitis, the influence of the peritoneal dialysis adequacy on the development of peritonitis, the influence of anemia, nutritional status, iron status, secondary hyperparathyroidism (Ca, P, CaxPO4, parathormone), protein status - albumin and the effect of acid uricum on the development of peritonitis. Methods. Retrospectively, 84 patients were analyzed of peritoneal dialysis (2012-2016) at Center for Nephrology and Dialysis of Clinical Center Kragujevac. The diagnosis of peritonitis was based on clinical picture, biochemical analyses, leukocyte in sediment of dialysis, findings of peritoneal-culture, signs of inflammation (C-reactive-protein, leukocy-tes). The analysis included: the most common causes, the outcome of treatment, the influence of the length of treatment, the influence of the peritoneal dialysis adequacy, the influence of anemia, the influence of iron status, the influence of secondary hyperpara-thyroidism, the influence of protein status, albumin, and the effect of acid uricum on the development of peritonitis. Results. 22 patients had one, six patients had two, six patients had three, six patients more than three episodes of peritonitis. The difference in mean values of the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, iron, albumin, diastolic pressure, systolic pressure between patients with peritonitis, and those without it, statistically were significant (p ? 0.05). The difference in mean values of calcium (Ca), phosphor (P), CaxPO4, uricum value, parathormone, peritoneal dialysis adequacy, systolic pressure was not statistically significant (p ? 0.05). The incidence of peritonitis and death were not associated (p = 1.000). Conclusion. Peritonitis is severe complication of peritoneal dialysis. Anemia and nutritional status are risk factors that affect the development of peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

1De part ment of Oph thal mo l ogy, Cli n i cal Cen tre of Kra gu je vac in Kra gu je vac, Ser bia Ab stract: The pa r a si tic in fec tion is an af fec tion of the body as well as the eye with pa r a si tes, pro to zoa's, worms and ec to pa ra si tes, with world in ci den ce of 30%. The se di s e a ses are chro nic, sys te mic di s e a ses beca u se of we ak in na te im mu nity and abi l ity of pa r a si tes to eva de im mu ne an swer of the host or in cre a s ing the re si s tan ce to the adap ti ve im mu nity of the host. Pa r a sites can eva de im mu nity of the host by: an ti gens va ri a tions, for m ing cysts, chan g ing the hosts and by syn the sis of so me cyto ki nes, which de c re a se im mu nity of the host. Asca ris lum bri co i des is the lar g est in te s ti nal ne ma to de pa r a si t i z ing man. The worm is known to ca u se sub co njun cti val mass, gra nu lo ma to us iri docycli tis, cho ro i di tis, re cur rent vi t re o us he m o r r ha ge, chro nic dacryocysti tis and in va sion in to the su bre ti nal spa ce. The goal of this ca se was to an a lyze the af fec tion of the eye, ca u sed by the Asca ris lum bri co i des as very ra re oc u lar pa t ho l ogy.Keywords: Asca ris lum bri co i des, eye in fec ti ons, di ag no sis, the r apy. IN TRO DUC TIONThe worm is known to ca u se sub co njun cti val mass, gra nu lo ma to us iri docycli tis, cho ro i di tis, re cur rent vi t reo us he m o r r ha ge, chro nic da cryocysti tis and in va sion into the su bre ti nal spa ce. Pa r a si tes are un der go ing a complex pro cess of bi o lo g i cal de ve l op ment, which ta kes pla ce in hu mans. Hu mans are in fec ted by-sha r ing li v ing en vi ron ments with car ri ers. Di s e a ses ha ve chro nic co u rse due to po or in na te im mu nity and abi l ity of the pa r a site to eva de or re sist eli m i na tion by the ac qu i red im mu ne mec h a nisms. Ac qu i red an ti body-de pen d ent im mu nity me di a ted by eosi nop hils plays ma jor ro le in de fen se aga inst the hel mint hes. In ter le u kins sti m u la tes pro li f e ra tion of eosi nop hils, in cre a ses the se c re tion of mu cus and ep i t he lial cells via in hi bi tion of mac rop ha ges. Growth and mul ti pli ca tion of tis sue forms gra nu lo ma with sub se qu ent fi bro sis in own re spon se to the pre s ence of a fo r e ign body. The for ma ti ons of pa r a si tic de po sits of im mu ne com ple xes aro und the blood ves sels are cli n i cally pre s ents as vas cu li tis. Pa r a si tes avoid hu man im mu ne mec h a nisms by: an ti ge nic va ri a tion, for m ing a layer, for m ing cysts, chan g ing the host and with syn thesis of im mu no sup pres si ve cyto ki nes (1).The first sub set of the al i men tary tract of ne m a todes is the gro up of Asca ri dae -Asca ris lum bri co i des, ca u s ing Asca ri a sis. Mor p ho l ogy: a pa r a si te, whi t ish co lor, cy lin dri cal sha pe, with a tran s ver se li ne on cu ti cu lar sur fa ce (Fi g u re 1).Pa r a si tes li ve in soil, small in te s ti ne, and in fec tion oc curs by en te r ing the...

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