No abstract

Technology is playing a vital role in the improvement of medical field resulting in high life expectancy. The use of wireless networks is one of the modern and efficient ways to monitor health problems remotely. In this context, various wireless monitoring standards are developed to facilities the patient monitoring. Some key standards include IEEE 802.15.4 Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR−WPAN), IEEE 802.15.6 Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) and ETSI smartBAN. These standards consist of multiple sensors that are used to monitor, process and transmit the vitals to the proper destination. Each standard offers some advantages and limitations over the other standard depending on the scenarios. In this paper, all the above-mentioned standards are compared and analyzed on different parameters such as network type, density, functionality, size and energy efficiency.

No abstract

Transparent co-doped TiO 2 thin films have been fabricated by sol-gel dip-coating. The doping is achieved using low concentrations of neodymium (Nd), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). A significant effect of doping is noticed on the morphology and optical properties of thin films. XRD analysis confirms the formation of a pure anatase phase with a deterioration of the crystallinity upon doping. The co-doped TiO 2 thin films present larger crystallite size compared to other films. The surface roughness revealed by AFM increases from 0.9 nm for pure TiO 2 up to 5 nm for doped thin films. UV-vis spectroscopy shows that the bandgap energy slightly decreased for co-doped Ag-Nd/TiO 2 and Cu-Nd/TiO 2 . Photocatalytic degradation of MB significantly decreases upon doping. A mechanism based on combined effects of doping, annealing and nature of substrate is proposed to explain the photodegradation behaviour.

No abstract