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Advanced film cooling technologies for hot gas path components in gas turbine engines with still constantly increasing inlet temperatures require special manufacturing processes. Today, laser radiation is the preferred means of drilling a large number of small-diameter cooling holes in turbine parts made of nickel-base superalloys. Most of these materials, however, exhibit a relatively high susceptibility to hot cracking in the heat affected zone (HAZ) adjacent to the recast layer. Comprehensive metallographical examinations have been performed to optimise laser drilling parameter settings to minimize hot cracks. In the case of René 80, there seems to be a pronounced microstructural influence on hot cracking sensitivity, i.e. identical laser parameters may produce quite different crack lengths, dependent upon local microstructure in the immediate vicinity of the drilled hole. Grain size, grain boundary morphology and orientation, and primary carbide distribution apparently have a significant influence. These interdependencies should be taken into account when acceptable crack lengths are specified. As far as conventionally investment cast components are concerned, influencing local microstructural features with economically viable effort may be unrealistic.

A service temperature increase of turbine exhaust casing liners of heavy-duty industrial gas turbines, driven by the need to raise thermal efficiencies, motivated a number of ageing trials. Casing liners are often made of metastable austenitic stainless steels, suitable for high temperature applications. Alloys such as 321SS and 347SS might contain, in the as-cast condition, rather large amounts of delta ferrite, if not further processed by rolling or forging, easily in excess of 15 %. Even rolled sheet and bar might contain significant volume fractions of that phase if welded, up to 15 % or so in the heat affected zone (HAZ) immediately adjacent to the fusion line, and in the weld metal. It is known from the literature and from field experience that delta ferrite might decompose into sigma phase after long-term service exposure at elevated temperatures. This may embrittle the material and can be detrimental to mechanical properties. It could also deleteriously affect creep strength. The main aim of ageing trials described in this paper was to study the phase stability of delta ferrite under simulated service conditions. The results are correlated to metallographic testing results, obtained from examining actual service components of heavy-duty gas turbine engines in the field.

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