Over the years, the decline of Nigeria’s health-care infrastructure has become alarming. The 2018 annual report of WHO shows that 75% human cardiovascular disease resulted from High Blood pressure. Immediate technical action is needed to alleviate the severity to the barest minimum. This research work presents a designs and implementation of microcontroller based Heart Beat Monitoring System for High Blood Pressure Patients. The developed system consists of three sections which include; Input section consisting of Heart beat sensor that senses and converts the blood pulse from a fingertip into an electrical signal. The sensor thereafter sends the signal into microcontroller, which is the control section that acts and communicates the result through LCD and output section. The displayed results show the beat rate in unit of beat per minute (BPM). The developed system was evaluated and demonstrated with two other standard devices namely: Pulse Oximeter and Digital Arm Cuff using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine its level of significance. The P Value of 0.519049 was found significant at 0.05 level of significance. Additionally, the results indicate that there is no significant difference among the three devices. It was concluded the designed device is more cost effective, user friendly and easily assembled due availability of needed materials in contrast with the other standard devices.

Introduction: Relevancies of electrical power system to consumers cannot be overemphasized. This requires healthy operation of such system. 132/33KV network is an important network within the transmission system and its importance calls for effective and efficient operation. However, due to the long distance at which the transmission line span, the nature of the lay (either overhead or underground) and type of cable used, there are series of voltage instability and power loss along the transmission network which are threat both economically and technically to both electricity providers and consumers because of the cost implication of the losses and effect on the stability of the network. Aims: This research aims is to seek optimal placement of a capacitor bank to proffer solution to both voltage instability and power loss problem by simulating Ondo 132/33KV transmission network using NEPLAN software. Methodology: The network model was developed using NEPLAN software. The voltage profile and power loss with and without capacitor bank were determined from power load flow solutions using Newton-Raphson method. Results: Effects of optimal placements of capacitors along the studied transmission line is established. Conclusion: Proper installation of capacitor bank is also found to enhance performance with an accompanied improvement in voltage profile along the buses.

Most manufacturing industries in Nigeria are currently experiencing hardship due to the high increase in price of diesel for fuelling the generating sets as alternate power supply because of epileptic power supply in the country. This has led to many industries relocating outside the country, loss of job and increment in price of goods and services. The aim of the study is to examine the threat facing the Nigerian manufacturing industries using generating sets as their alternate source of power. Some industries were considered in this research and in which some of the challenges facing the industry were itemized. Part of these problems includes; cost of fuelling and maintaining the generators, down time by the generating sets when there is break down of equipment and facilities, inability to satisfy the customer’s needs on time due to irregular power supply. This research established the amount of fuel used by each of these industries visited to power their generators daily, weekly, monthly and also yearly, compared with the amount paid to Distribution Company (public utility). But these industries couldn’t depend solely on the public utility power for their operations due to the epileptic power supply in the country. Hence, the necessity for a steady power supply using public utility is very important thereby reducing the cost of fuelling of generating set and cost of production of goods and services.

Redundancy is the existence of more than one means for performing a given function, Similar to many robust biological systems [6], strategically robust systems use multiple redundant pathways, in this case so that saboteurs cannot benefit by knocking out single components. This approach might be particularly valuable for systems that need to be strategically robust against evolving enemies. By deploying multiple redundant defense pathways, the host can influence the evolutionary trajectory of a pathogen population. Redundant defense mechanisms reduce the selective advantage to the pathogen of knocking out a single mechanism [3]. This, in turn, greatly increases the difficulty of the adaptive search problem that the pathogen faces when looking for a weak point in the defenses of the host.