Experiments on rat brainstem sections in membrane potential clamping conditions addressed the effects of serotonin and GABA on serotoninergic neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus. Local application of serotonin stimulated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSC) in 45% of the serotoninergic neurons studied. This response was not seen in the presence of the fast sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin. The GABAA receptor antagonist gabazine blocked IPSC in both serotonin-sensitive and serotonin-insensitive neurons. Application of GABA evoked generation of a membrane current (IGABA), which was completely blocked by gabazine. These results indicate self-regulation of the activity of serotoninergic neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus via a negative feedback circuit involving local GABAergic interneurons.

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In the article the inhibitory effects on respiratory parameters during electrical or chemical stimulation of the magnus raphe nucleus are induced mainly by the participation of GABA. To elucidate the involvement of GABA

This paper describes ontological modelling processes for the formation of flight operation guidelines. The modelling was performed using Fluent Editor-an ontological creation tool based on Controlled Natural Language (CNL). Ontology for pre-flight inspection of the airplane's flight preparation was designed using Yak-52 airplane's flight preparation manual. The created ontology is considered as a base for creation of electronic manuals. Pros and cons of the Fluent Editor have been analysed for applicability in electronic manuals creation. Streszczenie. W artykule opisano ontologiczne procesy modelowania wykorzystywane do tworzenia wytycznych dla operacji lotniczych. Modelowanie przeprowadzono przy użyciu Fluent Editor-narzędzia do tworzenia ontologii w oparciu o CNL-Kontrolowany Język Naturalny. Ontologia do kontroli przedstartowych przygotowań do lotu samolotu został zaprojektowany z wykorzystaniem instrukcji przygotowania lotu samolotu YAK 52. Stworzona ontologia jest traktowana jako baza do tworzenia podręczników elektronicznych. Wszelkie argumenty za i przeciw narzędziu Fluent Editor były analizowane z punktu widzenia jego przydatności w tworzeniu elektronicznych instrukcji. (Ontologiczne modelowanie instrukcji przygotowania lotu).

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