An unusual novel and significant anti-oxidant 1,2-dibenzoyl glycoside, natansnin (1), has been isolated from Salvinia natans. The structure of 1 was established by the study of NMR and CD spectral data.

An important intrinsic property of a combustible fuel, air, and burned gas mixture is its laminar burning velocity. The effect of laminar burning velocity on combustion is difficult to assess experimentally due to the difficulty in the measurement. In this study, an approach which uses the incylinder pressure traces, temperature and other in-cylinder variables for estimating the laminar burning velocity of a spark ignition engine is developed. In this model the flame velocity is calculated by quasi dimensional two zone thermodynamic combustion simulation. Laminar flame speed over a range of engine loads and at rated speed on a Royal Enfield single cylinder 350cc port fuel injected spark ignition engine are estimated and evaluated using available data given in the literature. For simulation, a code has been developed in MATLAB for computational speed and acceptable accuracy.