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An indirect observation of 90°domain reversal under the influence of a poling field process was undertaken by an x-ray diffraction study in the Pb 0.88 Eu 0.08 Ti 1−y Mn y O 3 (y ‫ס‬ 0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03) piezoelectric anisotropic system. The optimum condition k p → 0 was achieved for y ‫ס‬ 0.02 composition. A large percentage of 90°domain rotation was necessary, but not a sufficient condition for the ultrahigh electromechanical anisotropy manifestation. A large microstrain originated by structural defects in unpoled samples seemed to play a crucial role in the attainment of this piezoelectric anisotropy. A breaking in the translational periodicity due to induced vacancy in Pb and O sites by Eu 3+ and Mn 2+ substitutions was manifested in the nonuniform variance of the tetragonality (c/a), the large microstrain, and the detriment of crystallinity observed.

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