scheme proposed here makes the individual inverter A space vector PWM technique is developed based switching frequency equal to half of the motor phase on the combination of space vectors from dual inverters switching frequency. %is results in low inverter switching feeding the induction motor from both ends (open-end with reduced power circuit complexity when compared to winding without neutral point). A total of 64 voltage space other multilevel inverters. vector combinations are available for PWM voltage control of the inverter fed machine with open-end winding. A space phasor based PWM scheme is proposed with minimum number of switching in a cycle per inverter coupled with equal number ofswitching for each inverter.[6]A.Rufer, M.Veenstra, K.Gopakumar,"Asymmetric multilevel converter for high resolution voltage phasor generation", EPE'99-Lausanne,pp.P 1 -P 10.1 9 9 7 ,~~ 1214-121 9. APPENDIX -AMotor oarameters:-SHP 3-ohase IM Rs = 2.08 ohms; M = 0.272 H; Ls = 0.28 H; J =0.11 Kg-m2; p = 4 Rr = 4,19 ohms; 0 = 0.0294; Lr = 0.28 H;

Context The adoption of camera trapping in place of traditional wildlife survey methods has become common despite inherent flaws in equipment and a dearth of research to test their fit for purpose. Overwhelmingly, the development of commercial camera traps has been driven by the needs of North American hunters. Camera-trap models and features are influenced by these market forces that drive the changes in designs as new technologies develop. This focus on recreation, rather than research has often frustrated wildlife professionals as the equipment has rarely met minimum standards for scientific application. Aims We investigated the demand for white-flash camera traps around the world to highlight the demand for such camera traps in wildlife research to the manufacturing industry. We also compiled the camera-trap specifications required by scientists through the world in an effort to influence and improve the quality of camera traps for research. Methods We carried out an internet-based survey of biologists, zoologists, conservationists and other wildlife researchers by using a questionnaire to gather baseline market data on camera-trap use and demand. We also conducted an informal survey of scientists via email and in person, asking for their preferences and features of an ultimate camera-trap design. Key result Infrared camera traps are widely used and more so than white-flash camera traps, although the demand for white flash remains significant. Cost, speed, size, ease of use, versatility and the range of settings were the key features identified in a good camera trap. Conclusions The present paper describes and discusses the desired features and specifications as defined by over 150 scientists using camera traps around the world. Data gathered also provide some insight into the market demand for camera traps by biologists, zoologists, conservationists and other wildlife researchers around the world. These design features are discussed under the guise of the ultimate camera trap for wildlife research, with the disclaimer that no such camera trap currently exists. Implications The information provided in the paper has and will be a useful guide to future camera-trap designs, although it is unlikely that all of the features required will ever be produced in a cheap camera trap.

No abstract

A dual two-level inverter fed open-end winding induction motor drive is proposed in this paper. A total of 64 voltage space phasor combinations are possible in this scheme since each

No abstract