While animal studies show that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is beneficial in liver transplantation (LT),

Utilization of ischemic preconditioning to ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion injury has been extensively studied in various organs and species for the past two decades. While hepatic ischemic preconditioning in animals has been largely beneficial, translational efforts in the two clinical contexts-liver resection and decreased donor liver transplantation-have yielded mixed results. This review is intended to critically examine the translational data and identify some potential reasons for the disparate clinical results, and highlight some issues for further studies.

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Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly all over the world. Obesity is accompanied by increasing mortality and morbidity due to conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and other metabolic complications. Obesity has multiple psychological impacts as well due to discrimination and bias. Cutaneous manifestations of obesity are common due to factors such as mechanical stresses, hormonal imbalances and insulin resistance. Understanding the epidemiology of cutaneous manifestations among obese individuals will aid in better patient management.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive observational study was conducted over a period of 2 years from August 2010 to August 2012 in the Dermatology outpatient Department of a tertiary care hospital. Information on socio-demographic variables such as age, gender was collected along with anthropometry and biochemical parameters. Individuals were classified based on their type of obesity and health risk assessed using waist-hip ratio. Cutaneous manifestations of obesity were assessed using appropriate methods wherever applicable.Results: The study population consisted predominantly of individuals 20 to 40 years of age. The proportion of females were twice than males. Co-existing illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension and polycystic ovarian disease were present. Only 21% of the individuals reported exercising regularly. Most individuals had mild obesity and elevated waist-hip ratio. Acanthosis nigricans was the most common cutaneous manifestation present among 95% individuals. The other common cutaneous manifestations were striae distense, acrochordons, intertrigo, dermatophytosis and folliculitis.Conclusions: The cutaneous manifestations of obesity are due to multiple factors such as mechanical stresses and hormonal imbalances. This study indicates a high prevalence of cutaneous manifestations among obese individuals. Understanding the etiopathogenesis will facilitate in screening the high-risk individuals who present with cutaneous manifestations for other underlying illnesses. In addition, management of cutaneous manifestations will prevent the cosmetic side effects among obese individuals thus limiting the psychological effects.

Background: Acne is one of the most common dermatological conditions encountered in day to day practice. Many recent studies have reported a strong association between acne and underlying systemic endocrine disorders, more particularly Poly cystic ovarian syndrome. But there is scarcity of literature on the subjects in Indian population. Hence the present study was conducted with an objective of studying the association between acne and polycystic ovarian syndrome, in women presenting with adult onset acne to a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in department of dermatology, Dhananalakshmi Srinivasan medical college and hospital, Permabalur from January 2016 to August 2017. The study population included women above 18 years of age clinically diagnosed with acne vulgaris. The presence of polycystic ovarian syndrome was assessed using Rotterdam criteria. Results: The final analysis had included 100 women with acne. The most common type of lesion observed was comedone in 91% of women. The other most common lesions were papule seen in 73%, pustule in 35% of women. The proportion with grade I, Grade II and grade III acne was 58%, 29% and 13% respectively. The prevalence of PCOS was 30% (95% CI 21.89% to 39.58%). PCOS had shown no statistically significant association with age, marital status and regularity of menstrual cycle. The factors which have shown statistically significant association were higher BMI, presence of Hirsutism and higher waist circumference. Conclusions: PCOS is highly prevalent among women with acne. Presence of hirsutism, obesity are strong risk factors for PCOS.Cite this article as: Raja SA, Prasad PVS, Kaviarasan PK. Prevalence and pattern of PCOS in women presenting with acne, a hospital based prospective observational study. Int J Res Med Sci 2018;6:899-903.