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The isolated accessible Methane (CH4) Absorption Fueling System (MAFS) is matured based on the mechanics of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprised of gas sensing capable motes complementing a MAFS-WSN. Discrete routing protocols have been designed earlier for data collection in both compatible and divergent networks. This research presents a novel Scheduling based Clustering (SBC) with Mobile Sink (MS) strategy (SBC-MS) which supplements data collection in MAFS-WSN. The SBC-MS strategy attempts to exploit the vital parameters of energy and distance in selecting the appropriate cluster head that well suits MAFS-WSN in reliable gas detection. The MSs are exploited to reduce the energy expenditure in data communication. Extensive experimentations have been carried out with the proposed SBC-MS to ensure the QOS of MAFS-WSN in terms of schedulability and reliability. The simulation results prove that SBC-MS outperforms the earlier clustering technique M-LEACH in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, end-to-end delay and data rate.

Internet of things (IoT) is a prominent terminology that has gaining enormous assistance over past years among researchers and professionals. In general, IoT is a combination of interdependent computing devices such as sensors, actuators, microprocessors and other sink nodes that are able to transfer data over network without compelling human-to-human or human-to-machine communication. Besides, by reason of its interdisciplinary approach, IoT has been substantial in evolving distinct aspects of conventional e-healthcare paradigms. On the other side, traditional healthcare system has no longer enchanted the demands of a frequently expanding and developing community. Further, the research works figure out to provide a specially designed for an IoT based e-healthcare system to engage specially for interoperability problems. Subsequently, based on diverse technological standards and communication protocols the specific necessity of IoT system were identified and offered as a base for the development of the system.

Smart farming is a key to develop sustainable agriculture, involving a wide range of information and communication technologies comprising machinery, equipment, and sensors at different levels. Seawater, which is available in huge volumes across the planet, should find its optimal way through irrigation purposes. On the other hand, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) finds its way actively in current researches where sensors are deployed for examining discrete activities such as tactical surveillance, ocean monitoring, offshore analysis, and instrument observing. All these activities are based on a radically new type of sensors deployed in ocean for data collection and communication. A lightweight Hydro probe II sensor quantifies the soil moisture and water flow level at an acknowledged wavelength. The freshwater absorption repository system (FARS) is matured based on the mechanics of UWSNs comprised of SBE 39 and pressure sensor for analyzing atmospheric pressure and temperature. This necessitates further exploration of FARS to complement smart farming. Discrete routing protocols have been designed for data collection in both compatible and divergent networks. Clustering is an effective approach to increase energy efficient data transmission, which is crucial for underwater networks. Furthermore, the chapter attempts to facilitate seawater irrigation to the farm lands through reverse osmosis (RO) process. Also, the proposed irrigation pattern exploits residual water from the RO process which is identified to be one among the suitable growing conditions for salicornia seeds and mangrove trees. Ultimately, the cost-effective technology-enabled irrigation methodology suggested offers farm-related services through mobile phones that increase flexibility across the overall smart farming framework.