Problem statement: Thrombophilia has been recently implicated in early pregnancy loss and IVF implantation failure, by impairing the initial vascularization process occurring at implantation, which is necessary for a successful pregnancy. Approach: The aim of this study is to assess the presence possibility of mutation in thrombophilic genes [Factor V (FV) gene, Prothrombin (PT) gene and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) gene] in women with repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure with unknown causes. The study was performed on patients with two or more previously failed IVF-embryo transfer cycles with unknown causes. Women who conceived spontaneously with no previous history of miscarriage and women who have had successful pregnancy after their first IVF-embryo transfer cycle are included as control groups. Results: There are increase in allelic frequencies of thrombophilic genes (factor V, prothrombin and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) mutation, in addition to genotype frequencies (both homozygote and heterozygote) and increase in frequency of multiple gene mutations among women with IVF-embryo transfer failure. Conclusion: Thrombophilia has a significant role in IVF-embryo transfer implantation failure. Women with repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure should be screened for Thrombophilia to avoid repeated IVF-embryo transfer failure.

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