The high degree of variation does not allow the stratification of patients into high and low immunological risk groups based on a single sCD30 value > 100 U/ml. Due to the heterogeneity of sCD30 levels during time course and the high values of SD, its implementation as a pre-transplant marker cannot be justified to generate special provisions for the organ allocation to patients with single sCD30 values > 100 U/ml.
About forty years ago the complement-dependent crossmatch assay (CDC-CM) was developed as standard procedure in order to select recipients without donor-specific antibodies directed against human leukocyte antigens of their given donors since the negative outcome of pretransplant crossmatching represents one of the most important requirements for a successful kidney graft survival. However, as a functional assay the CDC-CM strongly depends on the availability of donors' isolated lymphocytes and in particular on their vitality highly limiting its applicability for recipients treated with special drugs and therapeutic antibodies or suffering from underlying autoimmune diseases. In the great majority of these cases ELISA-based crossmatching has been demonstrated to be an adequate alternative procedure nevertheless leading to valid results. With these case reports we show for the first time that ELISA-based crossmatching is suitable to demonstrate the upcoming donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies as a consequence of allografting using deep-frozen deceased donor's material such as blood or spleen detergent lysate. Thus, this ELISA-based procedure first provides the option to routinely perform crossmatching using stored material of deceased donors in order to substitute or at least to complement virtual crossmatching, that is, the comparison of the recipients' anti-HLA antibody specificities with the donors' historically identified HLA types.
Zusammenfassung
Donorspezifische Anti-HLA-Antik?rper stellen die h?ufigste Ursache f?r hyperakute bzw. akute Absto?ungsepisoden nach Transplantationen solider Organe dar. Zum Ausschluss dieser Antik?rper wurde bereits vor mehr als 40 Jahren der komplementabh?ngige Lymphozytotoxizit?tstest (LZT/engl. CDC) entwickelt. Anhand einer Kasuistik wird dargestellt, wie dieses diagnostische Verfahren, ein funktioneller Vitalit?tsassay, als gesetzlich vorgegebene Standardprozedur unter dem Einfluss der Typ-III-Autoimmunerkrankung systemischer Lupus erythematodes (SLE) zu einem falsch positiven Ergebnis f?hrt und somit eine Kontraindikation f?r eine anstehende Nierentransplantation vort?uschen kann. Zus?tzlich werden die plausiblen und validen Ergebnisse des alternativen Festphasen-basierenden Kreuztestverfahrens, das f?r derartige Artefakte nicht in gleicher Weise empf?nglich ist, dargestellt. Kritisch diskutiert wird in diesem Zusammenhang das in den Richtlinien der Bundes?rztekammer im Jahr 2010 als verbindlich festgelegte LZT-Kreuztestverfahren vor dem Hintergrund einer Anh?ufung von Patienten mit Erkrankung des autoimmunen Formenkreises auf den Wartelisten der Organe, f?r deren Zuteilung ein negatives Resultat im Pr?transplantations-Kreuztest gefordert ist. Dieser Patientengruppe bleiben Organe von postmortalen Spendern aufgrund falsch positiver Kreuztestergebnisse h?ufig versagt.
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