Microplastics (MPs) are plastic fragments that are degraded into small particles with a diameter of <5 mm. Pollution in the ocean by MPs has become a global threat which damages aquatic and marine ecosystems. There are several types of MPs detected in the digestive tract and in edible fish tissue. However, such report remains limited in Indonesia. Despite the high rate of plastic pollution in Indonesian coastal areas. This study aims to determine the presence, abundance and characteristics of MPs including type, shape, and color in the edible tissue of commercially important pelagic fish species from the Bintaro fish market, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Flying Fish (Parexocoetus mento) was evaluated for MPs content in their edible tissue. Isolation of MPs in fish meat was conducted by firstly adding 10% KOH solution followed by incubation for 24 h. Furthermore, the solution was incubated in the oven for 48 h at a temperature of 90oC. The WPO (Wet Peroxide Oxidation) reaction was carried out by adding 30 mL of 0.05 M Fe(II) oxide and 30 mL of 20% Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) continued by heating on a hotplate at 75oC at 350 rpm for 45 minutes to remove organic matter from fish. The remaining filtrateswere treated by further heating, followed by filtration with stainless steel sieves (45//m). Current results show five types of MPs detected in fish sample were Fragment, Filament/fiber, Film, Foam and Pellet. The most abundant type of MPs was fragment type (368.67 particle/fish). Current results show a significant amount of MPs were found in edible tissue of flying fish in Bintaro market. However further characterization of MPs would be needed to confirm the MPs types. Nevertheless, current study show the potential contamination of MPs in P. mento fish commercially sold in fish market at Lombok, Indonesia. Hence, awareness should be raised in local communities to reduce plastic pollution in marine and coastal areas.

Batu Layar coastal area provides an optimum environment for the diversity of coastal biota in the form of corals, crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms and macroalgae. Macroalgae are plantlike marine biota that are large in size. Based on taxonomy, macroalgae are included in the Thallophyta group because their bodies are thallus. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the abundance of macroalgae in Batu Layar Coastal areas to be used as primary data for further research. This research is located at Batu Layar Coast using the Transect method. The number of transects used is 4 transects with the length of each transect is 50 m. On each transect, 5 stations were taken. Samples of each different macroalgae species at each station were taken for the purpose of morphological identification. Macroalgae identification is presented in the form of descriptive analysis and graphs in the presentation of diversity, evenness, and abundance. The results of the identification of macroalgae in research at Batu Layar Coast as a whole found that there were 24 species of macroalgae consisting of 11 species of Chlorophyta, 8 species of Rhodophyta and 5 species of Phaeophyta. Dominant species on the shoreline are Chlorophyta, in the middle of the transect most of algae are the Phaeophyta and dominant species farthest from the shore are Rhodophyta. The conclusion is the most abundant macroalgae species is Gelidium latifolium from Rhodophyta division with number of abundance is 4.58 individuals/m2.